Spatial Differentiation Of Coordination Degree Between Economic Growth And Ecosystem Services In Hainan Province

With the rapid development of economy and society,the ecosystem is gradually degraded in human activities,and natural disasters occur frequently.Ensuring economic growth while taking into account ecosystem protection has become an important issue.The 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed that ’ firmly establish and practice the concept that green hills are invaluable assets,and plan development at the height of harmonious coexistence between man and nature ’.The coordination of economic growth and ecosystem services is an important manifestation of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.Hainan Province has an excellent ecological environment and has been given the strategic positioning of " three zones and one center " such as the national ecological civilization pilot area.However,for a long time,the coordination between the rich ecological resources of Hainan Province and its economic growth level has been very prominent.It is of great significance for Hainan Province to speed up the construction of a new development pattern and focus on promoting high-quality development to systematically study the spatial differentiation of economic growth and ecosystem service coordination in Hainan Province.At present,there are few direct research results on the spatial differentiation of the coordination degree of economic growth and ecosystem services in academia.The direct research results on Hainan Province are very rare,especially the lack of comprehensive and systematic research on the spatial differentiation pattern and mechanism of the coordination degree of economic growth and ecosystem services in Hainan Province.In this paper,18 cities and counties in Hainan Province except Sansha City are taken as the basic research units,and 1990,2010 and 2020 are selected as the observation years.Firstly,based on the land use data of three periods from 1990 to 2020,the modified equivalent factor method is used to measure the ecosystem service value of cities and counties in Hainan Province,and the total GDP is used to characterize the level of economic growth.The coupling coordination model is used to measure the coupling coordination degree of economic growth and ecosystem services in 18 cities and counties in Hainan Province in the observation year.Then,on the basis of dividing the coupling coordination degree of economic growth and ecosystem services in cities and counties of Hainan Province into six grades,using Arc GIS10.7 and Geo Da1.18 as platforms,using visualization and spatial autocorrelation methods,the spatial differentiation pattern and evolution process of the coordination degree of economic growth and ecosystem services in Hainan Province were systematically analyzed,and the general characteristics of the spatial differentiation pattern of the coupling coordination degree of economic growth and ecosystem services in Hainan Province from 1990 to 2020 were summarized.Then,based on ecological economics theory,social ecology theory,resource and environmental economics theory and related research literature,this paper combs the influencing factors of spatial differentiation of economic growth and ecosystem service coordination degree,and puts forward the hypothesis of spatial differentiation mechanism of economic growth and ecosystem service coordination degree in Hainan Province.Finally,using the factor detector method of the geo-detector model,the hypothesis of the spatial differentiation mechanism of economic growth and ecosystem service coordination in Hainan Province was quantitatively tested.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows :From 1990 to 2020,Hainan ’s economy continued to grow.The economic growth rate between 2010 and 2020 was faster than that between 1990 and 2010.Among the 18 cities and counties,Sanya City had the fastest economic growth rate and Baisha County had the slowest economic growth rate.At present,Haikou ’s economic growth level far exceeds other cities and counties.From 1990 to 2020,the overall value of ecosystem services in Hainan Province has increased,the value of supply services and regulation services has increased,and the value of support services and cultural services has decreased.Wenchang and Ledong are the main contributors to the improvement of ecosystem service value in Hainan Province.In 2020,the overall value of ecosystem services in Hainan Province will be 421.985 billion yuan,of which the value of regulation services and support services will be higher.The value of ecosystem services in Ledong is the highest among 18 cities and counties,and the value of ecosystem services in Lingao is at the end of the province.From 1990 to 2020,the coordination degree of economic growth and ecosystem services in Hainan Province as a whole and 14 cities and counties showed a downward trend.The coupling coordination degree of economic growth and ecosystem services in Baisha decreased the most.The coupling coordination degree of economic growth and ecosystem services in Wenchang,Lingshui,Dongfang and Sanya increased,among which Sanya increased the most.At present,the coordination degree of economic growth and ecosystem services between cities and counties in Hainan Province is quite different.The coupling coordination degree of Haikou is the best,and the coupling coordination degree of Linggao and Lingshui is the worst.The non-equilibrium of the spatial differentiation pattern of the coordination degree of economic growth and ecosystem services in Hainan Province from 1990 to 2020 was first strengthened and then relatively solidified.From 1990 to 2010,the imbalance of the spatial differentiation pattern of economic growth and ecosystem service coordination in Hainan Province increased,and the differentiation of economic growth and ecosystem service coordination between coastal areas and inland areas and between coastal cities and counties intensified.From 2010 to 2020,the differentiation pattern of economic growth and ecosystem service coordination between coastal and inland areas,and between coastal cities and counties in Hainan Province remained relatively stable.At present,the spatial differentiation pattern of coupling coordination degree between economic growth and ecosystem services in Hainan Province is extremely uneven.The coastal-inland differentiation of coupling coordination degree between economic growth and ecosystem services is obvious.The differentiation of coupling coordination degree between economic growth and ecosystem services among cities and counties in coastal areas is obvious,and inland areas have become the agglomeration areas of economic growth and ecosystem services imbalance.The spatial differentiation of the coupling coordination degree between economic growth and ecosystem services is essentially affected by the spatial differentiation of the influencing factors of the coupling coordination degree between economic growth and ecosystem services.According to the relevant theories and related literature research results of the influencing factors of the coordination degree between economic growth and ecosystem services such as ecological economic theory,social ecological theory and resource and environmental economics theory,natural conditions,ecological endowment,urbanization level,population agglomeration level,cultural concept,urban construction level,industrial structure level,market demand and technological progress level affect the spatial differentiation of the coordination degree between economic growth and ecosystem services.Natural endowment driving mechanism,social culture driving mechanism and economic development driving mechanism are the three driving mechanisms for the spatial differentiation of economic growth and ecosystem service coordination.The spatial differentiation of the coupling coordination degree between economic growth and ecosystem services in Hainan Province is affected by nine factors : natural conditions,ecological endowment,market demand,cultural concept,population agglomeration level,urbanization level,industrial structure level,urban construction level and technological progress level.From 1990 to 2020,the influence of market demand,cultural concept,population agglomeration level,urbanization level and industrial structure level on the spatial differentiation of economic growth and ecosystem services in Hainan Province showed an overall increasing trend.The influence of natural conditions,ecological endowment,urban construction level and technological progress level on the spatial differentiation of economic growth and ecosystem service coordination is generally weakening.At present,the cultural concept,market demand level,urban construction level,urbanization level,population agglomeration level and industrial structure level of Hainan Province are the six main factors affecting the spatial differentiation of economic growth and ecosystem service coordination.The influence of natural conditions,ecological endowment and technological progress on the spatial differentiation of economic growth and ecosystem service coordination is relatively small.The spatial differentiation of economic growth and ecosystem service coordination in Hainan Province is the result of the joint action of natural endowment driving mechanism,social culture driving mechanism and economic development driving mechanism,among which social culture driving mechanism is the main mechanism,and with the development of economy and society,the driving effect of social culture driving mechanism is increasing.The driving mechanism of economic development is an important mechanism;the driving mechanism of natural endowment is the basic mechanism.With the development of economy and society,the driving effect of natural endowment driving mechanism is gradually weakened.Based on the above research conclusions,the following policy recommendations are proposed :(1)Coordinating the province ’s ecological resources and establishing a sound ecosystem management system;(2)Coordinating the province ’s economic development,optimizing the economic development model;(3)Improve the level of social security and population quality,and strengthen the understanding of the relationship between economic growth and ecosystem services.The new progress of this paper is :(1)The analysis method of spatial differentiation mechanism of coupling coordination degree between economic growth and ecosystem services in Hainan Province is designed,which provides a reference method for the study of spatial differentiation mechanism of coupling coordination degree between economic growth and ecosystem services.(2)The ecosystem service value of 18 cities and counties in Hainan Province was systematically measured,which provided a reference for the study of ecosystem services in Hainan Province.(3)The spatial differentiation pattern and mechanism of coupling coordination degree between economic growth and ecosystem services in Hainan Province are revealed,which provides case support for the coordinated development of economic growth and ecosystem services.