Study On The Ecological Security Evaluation Of Cultivated Land In Baiquan County

The black soil area of northeast China is one of the four largest black soil areas in the world,and the land in this area has good characteristics,high fertility and is suitable for farming,and is known as the "voltage stabilizer" and "ballast stone" of China’s food security.However,in recent years,due to global climate change and long-term high-intensity extensive utilization by human beings,the cultivated land ecosystem in the black soil area has begun to be damaged to varying degrees,which seriously threatens the sustainable development of cultivated land in the black soil area.The assessment of cultivated land ecological security can help reveal the level and spatial pattern of regional cultivated land ecological security,so as to assist decision-makers in designing scientific regional cultivated land ecological security improvement strategies.Therefore,carrying out the assessment and research of cultivated land ecological security is the basis and important scientific proposition for understanding the level of regional cultivated land ecological security and realizing the sustainable use of cultivated land in black soil area.This paper selects Baiquan County,a typical county in Heitu District,as the research area,comprehensively considers its ecological environment,socio-economic characteristics and existing problems of cultivated land utilization,uses the "pressure-state-response"(PSR)model to construct the ecological security evaluation index system of cultivated land in Baiquan County,uses the comprehensive empowerment method to determine the weight of each index factor,uses the comprehensive index method to calculate its ecological security level,and analyzes the spatial pattern of cultivated land ecological security in Baiquan County in 2020,and finally aims to protect and improve the ecological security level of cultivated land in Baiquan County.Divide the ecological security improvement zoning of cultivated land in Baiquan County,and put forward targeted countermeasures and suggestions based on the actual situation of Baiquan County.The main results of this study are as follows:(1)Assessment results of cultivated land ecological security in Baiquan County.The comprehensive index of cultivated land ecological security in the county was 0.51,and the ecological security index of cultivated land in each administrative village ranged from 0.26 to 0.86,among which the cultivated land ecological security index of Shizhong Township Cooperative Village was the highest,and Xingguo Township and Shun Village were the lowest.According to relevant research,the evaluation results were divided into five levels,and the number of villages of each level was ranked,and the results were: critical safety level> sensitive level> more safety level> safety level> risk level,of which the number of critical safety,sensitive and risk villages accounted for more than half,and the overall situation was not optimistic.(2)Analysis of ecological security characteristics of cultivated land in Baiquan County.The spatial differences in the level of cultivated land ecological security in Baiquan County were significant,and the overall spatial distribution characteristics of decreasing northwest-northeast-southwest-southeast were presented.Among them,the pressure index mainly showed a gradual decreasing trend from northwest to southeast.The spatial distribution characteristics of state indicators are similar to those of composite indexes.The response index mainly showed the highest spatial distribution characteristics in the central part,followed by the western marginal zone,and the poor spatial distribution in the southeast.From the results of spatial correlation analysis,it can be seen that there is a significant positive correlation between the ecological security level of cultivated land in Baiquan County in 2020,which is manifested as strong spatial agglomeration.Among them,the villages with the level of cultivated land ecological security were mainly distributed in the northwest of Baiquan County,and the villages of "low-low" agglomeration type and "high and low" type were mainly distributed in the southeast region.(3)Ecological security improvement zoning and improvement strategy of cultivated land in Baiquan County.Based on the results of the ecological security assessment of cultivated land in Baiquan County,the ecological security improvement zoning of cultivated land in Baiquan County is divided into three categories,namely ecological governance area,ecological management and protection area,and ecological protection area.Clarify the management and improvement direction of cultivated land ecosystems in different regions,and put forward six countermeasures and suggestions: promote agricultural infrastructure construction;Implementation of dynamic monitoring of cultivated land systems;Strengthen the ecological restoration of cultivated land and establish an ecological compensation mechanism;Actively prevent and control agricultural pollution;Increase publicity on the ecological security of cultivated land,and improve policies and regulations related to ecological protection.