Study On Assessment And Control Measures Of Agricultural Non Point Source Pollution In Nehe City

With the growth of China’s economy,the control of point source pollution has been effectively addressed,but the control of non point source pollution is relatively slow.The characteristics of non point source pollution include dispersion,complex pollution sources,serious damage to soil fertility,and difficulties in preventing and controlling water pollution.Among them,agricultural non-point source pollution is one of the main components,with a wide range of pollutants,trace amounts,and diverse and disordered transportation routes,which poses a great challenge to environmental governance and restricts the green development of agriculture in China.Taking Nehe City,Heilongjiang Province as an example,this article analyzes the current situation of agricultural non-point source pollution in typical regions of the city,analyzes the main measures taken around agricultural non-point source pollution,analyzes the existing problems,and puts forward corresponding reasonable prevention and control countermeasures and suggestions,which is of great significance for the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution in Nehe City.This article uses the questionnaire survey method,the equal standard pollution load method,and the literature induction method to take Liuhe Town,Erkeshan Town,and Xuetian Town,the typical research areas of Nehe City,as the research objects.They are the largest township with the largest paddy field area,the most developed aquaculture industry,and the larger dry field area in Nehe City,and the three towns are adjacent,with a total of 44 villages covering more than 1.23 million mu of farmland.Through designing a farmers’ questionnaire,the types of crops planted by farmers in the survey area are surveyed Conduct a field questionnaire survey on the amount of pollution sources such as fertilizer application in farmland,livestock and poultry breeding,and domestic waste.At the same time,use the equal standard pollution load method to analyze the data in the questionnaire survey summary,including three aspects of Nehe City’s planting industry,aquaculture,and human settlements.Combine the data from the agricultural sector,and integrate all the information to analyze the planting industry,aquaculture Analyze and evaluate the impact of the three pollution sources of the human settlements on agricultural non-point source pollution,and draw corresponding conclusions.At the same time,analyze the causes,and finally propose targeted recommendations to effectively improve the current situation of agricultural non-point source pollution in Nehe City.After investigation and analysis,it is found that there are certain problems in the cultivation,aquaculture,and residential non-point source pollution in Nehe City.The fertilization structure of farmers in the planting industry is unreasonable,and the proportion of chemical fertilizers is relatively high,with the specific intensity reaching over 450 kg/hm-2,exceeding the international warning line of 225 kg/hm-2;In the aquaculture industry,Erkeshan Town has a large inventory,with an annual total of 322.23 t of livestock and poultry pollution emissions,accounting for81.37% of the total livestock and poultry pollution emissions in typical regions.A large amount of feces may flow into surface water and groundwater,causing serious pollution to water quality.Therefore,it is necessary to focus on the management of livestock and poultry breeding.In addition,residential pollution is also one of the largest sources of agricultural non-point source pollution in the city,accounting for 59.95% of the total emissions.Therefore,it is necessary to carefully handle pollutants such as domestic garbage and wastewater.In response to these problems,corresponding prevention strategies and recommendations need to be developed to address this serious environmental problem.