A Study Of Category System And Design Characteristics Of Bamboo Furniture In Ming And Qing Dynasties

As an important component of Chinese traditional furniture art,the production,trading and use of bamboo furniture reached its peak in the Ming and Qing dynasties,widely appearing in the life scenes of all classes in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and developed a complete and detailed category system,as well as unique design characteristics.This paper mainly uses the research methods of imagology,philology and typology to achieve the triple mutual verification of "picture-text-object" data,and reveals the complete and detailed category system of bamboo furniture in the Ming and Qing dynasties,as well as the rich design features contained in it.First of all,the historical evolution and category changes of bamboo furniture art in Ming and Qing dynasties and before Ming and Qing Dynasties are studied,so as to reveal the deep background of bamboo furniture system forming in Ming and Qing Dynasties and sort out the overall situation.Through the statistics of image data,hundreds of bamboo furniture images of Ming and Qing dynasties are sorted out,and it is proposed that bamboo furniture of Ming and Qing dynasties has a complete system and rich categories,including chairs,benches,beds,cabinets,tables,miscellaneous categories and at least dozens of small categories.On this basis,further research on the development of various types of bamboo furniture in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and their roles in people’s life.It is suggested that: 1)the bamboo family has strong political attributes and clear hierarchical structure.According to the different shape,function,there are three categories of chair,stool,pier and at least 11 subcategories.2)Bedbed bamboo furniture is the central point of the Ming and Qing dynasties indoor furnishings order,there are two types of bed and bed,bed can be subdivided into arhat bed and frame bed.3)Table and table bamboo furniture carries the double needs of people’s material life and spiritual life.There are three types of bamboo furniture: table,table and table.According to different functions,it can be subdivided into more than ten kinds,such as chess table,piano table,offering table and flower table.4)Cabinet furniture is the home of everything in people’s life in the Ming and Qing dynasties.There are two types of cabinets and shelves,and there are some special shapes and systems,such as bright-lattice cabinets,goods and furniture,etc.5)Miscellaneous items reflect the diversified characteristics of bamboo furniture in the Ming and Qing dynasties.There are five typical types: bamboo stove,bamboo smoke cage,bamboo lady,bamboo carriage and bamboo station bucket.Then,from the perspective of economic policy,social aesthetic,industrial development and so on,this paper analyzes the prosperity and causes of bamboo furniture art in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.It is proposed that: 1)the loosening of anti-commerce policy promoted the development of commodity economy and provided the premise for the development of bamboo furniture in Ming and Qing Dynasties.2)The rise of tyranny established aesthetic standards and helped the consumption of bamboo furniture.3)The development of bamboo and wood industry in Ming and Qing dynasties led to the maturity of markets and transportation conditions at all levels,and overcame the difficulty of long-distance trading of bamboo furniture.Finally,on the basis of typology analysis,the design characteristics of bamboo furniture in Ming and Qing Dynasties were studied from five aspects,including material,process,structure,shape and concept.It was proposed that: 1)Bamboo was the core material composition of bamboo furniture in Ming and Qing Dynasties,and bamboo was the key material expression,forming the material characteristics of composition and expression.2)In Ming and Qing Dynasties,the bamboo furniture making process was passed on orderly,and the decoration process had its own system,forming a mature and complete process characteristics.3)The structure of bamboo furniture in Ming and Qing Dynasties has three types: auxiliary structure,linear structure and plate structure,which correspond to point,line and surface respectively,forming the structural characteristics of "line" art and the combination of point,line and surface.4)The shape of bamboo furniture in the Ming and Qing dynasties is the materialized presentation of the aesthetic consciousness and philosophical thoughts of the Chinese nation.It inherits the natural form of the unity of opposites of bamboo,such as the curvature,circumference,emptiness and reality,and forms the multi-dimensional and unified shape characteristics in the aspects of linearity,volume and space.5)The concept characteristics of bamboo furniture in the Ming and Qing dynasties are the internalization of the Chinese creation tradition,which can be summarized as the simple view of nature with the image making and the unity of nature and man;The formalism tendency of being polite and courteous and beneficial to others;Hiding rites in instruments and instruments are embodied in the order ethics of carrying Tao.