Research On The Impact Of Environmental Protection Tax On Provincial Total Factor Productivity

Since the reform and opening up,China’s economy has grown rapidly,and environmental problems have also followed,environmental pollution,resource depletion has become a problem on the road to economic development can not be ignored,the report of the 19th National Congress pointed out that the construction of ecological civilization is related to the fundamental interests of the sustainable development of the Chinese nation,we must adhere to the development concept of green water and green mountains is gold and silver mountains,and implement the basic national policy of saving resources and protecting the environment.The essence behind ecological problems is economic problems,inefficient,underutilized production is often accompanied by pollution,only to solve the economic mechanism that causes pollution can solve environmental problems at the root,China began to implement environmental protection tax in January 2018 to replace the past sewage fees.Environmental protection tax for the purpose of ecological protection also shoulders the mission of high-quality economic development,and as China’s economy shifts from high-speed growth to high-quality growth,improving total factor productivity has become a key factor in promoting economic development.The report of the 20th National Congress emphasized that adhering to development is the first priority of the party to govern and rejuvenate the country,and must ensure that China’s development is strong and sustainable,and in the meaning of development,a very important point is to "focus on improving total factor productivity",therefore,discussing the impact mechanism of environmental protection tax on total factor productivity has important theoretical and practical significance for achieving a win-win situation between the environment and high-quality economic development.This thesis first collates the research of previous scholars and finds that there are three main types of views,namely,environmental protection taxes have positive effects,negative effects and nonlinear effects on total factor productivity.After combing the classic theories such as the externality theory,double dividend theory and Porter hypothesis of environmental protection tax,the direct impact,indirect impact and spatial effect of environmental protection tax on total factor productivity are given,and the implementation status of environmental protection tax is displayed,the existing problems are discussed,and then based on the panel data of 30 provincial administrative regions from 2010 to 2020,the growth rate of total factor productivity of each province is measured by using super-efficient SBM and global MalmquistLuenberger index.Further deriving the relative value of total factor productivity,the calculation results show that the average total factor productivity in the eastern region is greater than that in other regions.Using the dynamic spatial Durman model and two-way fixed-effect model for empirical analysis,and switching to the economic distance spatial weight matrix for robustness analysis,the results show that the environmental protection tax can significantly promote the growth of provincial total factor productivity,and the total factor productivity has lag,the accumulation of total factor productivity in the previous period will continue to affect the increase of total factor productivity in the later period,forming a driving effect,and then heterogeneity analysis is carried out according to economic regions,and finally policy recommendations are given.