Study On Allocation And Compensation Scheme Of Carbon Emission Rights In Shandong Province From The Perspective Of Relative Deprivation

At present,the global climate problem is becoming increasingly serious.The international community must focus on developing a low-carbon economy,protecting the atmospheric environment and controlling greenhouse gas emissions.At present,one of the important means to control carbon dioxide emissions is carbon emission trading system,and it is the premise of establishing carbon emission trading system to clarify how to distribute carbon emission.The design of carbon ecological compensation scheme based on carbon emission trading can promote the enthusiasm of emission reduction and ensure the balanced development of all regions.Shandong province has developed economy and its GDP ranks the third in China,so it has enough capital and technology to explore new emission reduction schemes.At the same time,Shandong province has a complete range of industrial categories,and its carbon emissions have ranked first in China for many years.The carbon emission trading quota accounts for more than half of the country,which has a huge impact on the national emission reduction work.In addition,the current industrial structure of Shandong province is heavy on industry,and the energy structure is heavy on coal.There are great differences in the development of various cities,which is similar to the situation of carbon emissions in China.Therefore,this thesis takes intercity allocation scale as the breakthrough point,selects 16 cities in Shandong Province as the research object,carries on the research of carbon emission right allocation and compensation scheme.This thesis firstly designs the carbon emission allocation scheme,and calculates the total carbon emission quota of Shandong province from 2021 to 2030 according to the carbon emission intensity reduction target and GDP forecast growth rate of China in 2030.After that,six indexes including population,area,gross regional product,historical carbon emissions,carbon sink capacity and carbon productivity were selected to construct a multiindex system of carbon emission right allocation.The relative deprivation theory is introduced to weight each index from the perspective of individual perception of fairness,and the allocation amount of carbon emission right in each city of Shandong province from2021 to 2030 is obtained.The allocation result of relative deprivation scheme is compared with the allocation result of weighting scheme based on classical entropy method.According to the theory of carbon ecological compensation,the compensation scheme is designed to form a relatively complete overall analysis framework.On the basis of sorting out the responsibility sharing of emission reduction of each city,the initial balance of carbon emission right is obtained by subtracting the actual carbon emissions from the allocation of carbon emission right,and the positive initial balance is rewarded,while the negative initial balance is punished.The study found that the relative deprivation method of allocation scheme designed a set of "exclusive" allocation scheme for each city,and finally among all the cities in the province,Qingdao was allocated the most carbon emission quota,accounting for 10%,followed by Yantai,Weifang,Jinan,Linyi and other cities.The relative deprivation method is superior to the classical entropy method in both fairness and efficiency,which can contribute a new thinking path for regional carbon emission allocation with both fairness and efficiency.The results of the compensation program show that the initial balance of carbon emissions in Heze,Qingdao and other cities is positive and they can get more bonuses,while the initial balance of carbon emissions in Weifang,Binzhou and other cities is negative and they need to pay more fines,which warns all municipal governments to attach great importance to reducing carbon emissions and improve the enthusiasm of emission reduction.The results provide a new thinking direction for Shandong province to formulate emission reduction and compensation policies and optimize emission reduction path,and also have certain reference value for other provinces and even the realization of national carbon emission targets.