Debugging And Effect Evaluation Of Equipment For Fiber Extraction And Curing Treatment Of Calotropis Gigantea

Calotropis gigantea is a perennial flowering fruit tree and its tree planting vitality is extremely tenacious and the planting process does not need fertilization.It not only can be survived in harsh environment,but also can improve the environment.Calotropis gigantea is widely grown in the Red valley area of Yunnan,and its the root,stem,sap,fiber,seed,sac and fruit shell all have application values,which is a very good cash crop.In recent years,research on horn Calotropis gigantea fiber has attracted much attention.But the unique structure of the fruit and the special properties of fibers limit the development of the Calotropis gigantea in the field of textiles.When Calotrops gigantea fruits are ripe,their shells are explode,and their fibers inside the fruits are drifted with the wind.At this time,the quality of the fiber is high,fruit shell bursting causes fiber waste and difficulties in collecting fibers,so it is necessary to pick the fruit before its shell splits,but maturity of the fruit is difficult to distinguish when it is not split.Calotropis gigantea has a unique four-level structure of fiber,seed,sac and husk.The husk covers the fibers,which makes it difficult to extract the fibers.Manual fiber extraction has low efficiency,high cost,high impurity content and poor fiber quality,which is not suitable for further fiber processing in the field of textiles.In mechanical fiber extraction,the mechanical equipment causes fiber damage and the obtained fibers has low quality and high impurity content.Calotropis gigantea fiber has the characteristics of low strength,easy brittle breaking,light and soft weight,high hollowness,smooth surface without twisting poor adhesion is not beneficial to spinning because of flying.According to the characteristics of Calotropis gigantea structure and its fiber properties,the research group designed the open-fruit fiber extraction equipment and microwave vacuum curing treatment pot of Calotropis gigantea in previous research,and developed the curing treatment additives to improve the quality of Calotropis gigantea fiber.On this basis,this paper discussed the related issues of fruit maturity,adjusted the microwave fruit fiber extraction equipment and microwave vacuum curing treatment pot,and solved the problem in the adjustment experiment.The research results are useful in solving the problems of fiber extraction and curing treatment in large scales,and promote the market application of calotropis gigantea fibers.The main research contents and achievements are shown as follows:(1)The microwave open-fruit fiber extraction equipment was adjusted,and improved based on existing problems,such as the improper hole size of the rotating cage for clearance.The improved size of the rotating cage can ensure successful extraction of fibers.Most sacs and shells were kept in the rotating cage,and the seeds fell into the tray,so that to realize efficient and highquality separation of the shell,seeds,sac and fiber of the calotropis gigantea.(2)The quality indexes of the extracted fibers were tested,including length,diameter,linear density,strength,elongation,hollowness and impurity content,etc.Compared with the manual extracted fibers,it was found that the performance indexes of the fiber is not changed significantly,but the impurity content of the fibers extracted by the microwave open-fruit fiber lifting equipment was very low,which verified that the fiber extraction equipment had a good fiber extractioneffect.(3)In order to ensure the picked fruits mature well and improve the effect and quality of microwave opening fruit fiber extraction,this paper classified calotropis gigantea fruits according to their size,weight and shell color.A picking standard of calotropis gigantea fruilt was developed.Then,in experiment of accelerating the ripening fruit,three ripening methods were designed and explored,which areng ripening unpicked immature fruits using ripener,ripening picked immature fruits using ripener,and ripening picked immature fruits by sunlight.The experimental results showed that natural ripening method under the sun had the best effects.(4)The microwave vacuum curing treatment pot was adjusted,and improve the equipment on the drum structure and other problems occurred in the adjustmentprocess.The improved roller runs more smoothly and the fiber loading and taking out are more convenient.(5)The calotropis gigantea fibers achieved from the fiber extraction equipment were soaked in the developed special curingadditives and dried by centrifugal equipment,then were putted into the improved microwave vacuum curing treatmentpot.Quality properties such as length,diameter,linear density,strength,elongation,hollow-out and impurity content of the fibers were tested after curing treatment.It was found that the quality indexes such as strength and fineness of the fibers were greatly improved compared with that of the fibers before adoption.Under scanning electron microscope,it was observed that there were auxiliaries in the middle cavity of the fiber,and the longitudinal surface of the fiber can be observed to be evenly coated with health auxiliaries.Verify that health auxiliaries have a good effect of improving fiber quality,health equipment has a good health effect.The research on the ripeness and ripeness of the calotropis gigantea provided guarantee for the full utilization of raw materials and quality stability.The verification of the effect of fiber lifting and health equipment and health auxiliaries lays a foundation for the large-scale application of calotropis gigantea fiber.