Carbon-based Nanoprobes Are Used For The Preparation And Application Research Of Dual-detection Of Bioactive Small Molecules

At present,atherosclerotic disease is judged based on the detection of atherosclerotic plaques.After plaque formation,atherosclerosis has progressed to severe post-stage.At this time,the patient’s life safety is greatly threatened,and the treatment is more complicated and difficult.Therefore,detection of the early stages of atherosclerosis without plaque formation is essential.Reactive oxygen species and other active small molecules in living organisms have irreplaceable roles in the process of life activities.The occurrence of physiological and pathological phenomena requires the participation of active small molecules,among which reactive oxygen species（hypochlorous acid,nitrosyl peroxide anion）,and other active small molecules（adenosine triphosphate,sialic acid）are closely related to the early stage of atherosclerosis,and their content changes in organisms are not only a trigger for the occurrence of atherosclerosis,but also an accelerator for the development of atherosclerosis.Therefore,grasping the content changes of hypochlorous acid（HCl O）,adenosine triphosphate（ATP）,sialic acid（SA）and nitrosyl peroxide anion（ONOO^-）in organisms can not only reveal the mysteries of organisms,but also lay a good foundation for studying the early stages of the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis and related mechanisms.Based on this,two carbon-based nanoprobes（FA-CDs@Rh B/ZIF-90 and CDs）were constructed.FA-CDs@Rh B/ZIF-90 detects HCl O and ATP through fluorescence enhancement changes,achieving targeted imaging of some cancer cells,fluorescence sensing of serum and fluorescence imaging of aortic intima in atherosclerotic rats,and fluorescence sensing of serum in mice with acute pneumonia;CDs detects ONOO^-and SA by fluorescence-enhancing changes,achieving fluorescence imaging of different cell types,and fluorescence sensing of serum in atherosclerotic rats.The specific work is as follows:1.In this thesis,folic acid was used as the only carbon source and carbon dots synthesized by one-step hydrothermal method,and carbon dots（FA-CDs）that identified HCl O by fluorescence enhancement changes.The prepared FA-CDs were co-doped with Rh B/ZIF-90metal-organic framework（MOF）materials,developing a dual-channel carbon-based nanoprobe（FA-CDs@Rh B/ZIF-90）for the detection of HCl O and ATP by fluorescence enhancement changes.The strong binding of Zn²⁺of the Rh B/ZIF-90 component of FA-CDs@Rh B/ZIF-90and ATP destroying the MOF backbone,releasing the fluorophore Rh B,and generating fluorescence signal to detect ATP.In this study,a series of physicochemical properties of FA-CDs@Rh B/ZIF-90 were characterized,to understand its morphology,particle size,zeta potential,crystal structure and surface properties;it was understand its excellent fluorescence selectivity for HCl O and ATP through photoperformance characterization.FA-CDs@Rh B/ZIF-90 contains folic acid residues that target some cancer cells,so it has certain targeting ability for some cancer cells（hela cells,human hepatocarcinoma cells）,and achieving fluorescence imaging of HCl O and ATP in cancer cells.In this study,FA-CDs@Rh B/ZIF-90 was applied to fluorescence sensing of serum and fluorescence imaging of the aortic intima in rats atherosclerosis,and achieving the fluorescence detection of HCl O and ATP in serum and the aortic intima in rats.In this study,FA-CDs@Rh B/ZIF-90 was also applied to the fluorescence sensing of serum in mice with acute pneumonia,and achieving the fluorescence detection of HCl O and ATP in mice serum.The experimental results showed that compared with normal mice,the HCl O content were increased and the ATP content were decreased in the mice with the two inflammatory diseases.This study provides a novel fluorescence analysis method for the concentration levels of HCl O and ATP in organisms,which helps to further reveal the mechanism of related physiological and pathological activities.2.In this thesis,coumarin,3-aminophenylboronic acid and o-phenylenediamine were used as raw materials to synthesize two-channel carbon-based nanoprobes（carbon dots）by one-step hydrothermal method.This probe detects both ONOO^-and HCl O by fluorescence enhancement changes.Carbon dots（CDs）are almost non-fluorescent,and the coumarin structure on the surface of CDs is highly active,which can have a specific effect with ONOO^-to produce a fluorescent signal;the boric acid structure on the surface of CDs reactes specifically with SA to form fluorescent complexes.Therefore,CDs can detect ONOO^-and SA through fluorescence enhancement changes.In this study,a series of physicochemical properties of CDs were characterized to understand its morphology,particle size,zeta potential and surface properties;it was understand its excellent fluorescence selectivity for ONOO^-and SA through photoperformance characterization.In this study,CDs were applied to fluorescence imaging of different types of cells to achieve fluorescence detection of ONOO^-and SA in different types of cells,and effectively distinguished different types of cells through significant differences in fluorescence signals.In this study,CDs were also applied to the fluorescence sensing of serum in atherosclerotic rats,and achieving the fluorescence detection of ONOO^-and SA in its serum.The experimental results showed that the contents of ONOO^-and SA were increased in atherosclerotic rats compared with normal rats.This study provides a new fluorescence analysis pathway for the concentration levels of ONOO^-and SA in organisms,which is helpful for further exploring the activities and related mechanisms of organism health and disease processes.