Therapeutic Effect And Mechanism Of Iron Containing Bovine Blood Peptide On Iron Deficiency Anemia

Iron deficiency anemia(IDA)is a universal nutritional deficiency disease in the world,with high prevalence and wide range of harm.As a by-product produced in the processing of livestock products,bovine blood has low utilization rate and will pollute the environment if not handled well.Bovine blood is rich in heme,iron,protein and other nutrients.The development of bovine blood has good economic value.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of iron bovine blood peptide on IDA by using rat model and explore the mechanism.In order to evaluate the safety of iron containing bovine blood peptide,taking ferrous sulfate as the control,the changes of body weight,serum iron and gastric tissue of healthy rats were measured after 30 days of high-dose iron containing bovine blood peptide.The results showed that iron bovine blood peptide had no negative effects on the growth,serum iron content and gastric mucosa of healthy rats.There were no abnormalities in body weight and serum iron in ferrous sulfate group,but local congestion and inflammatory cell infiltration appeared in gastric mucosa.It is proved that bovine blood peptide containing iron is a non-toxic iron supplement without obvious side effects,and its safety is better than ferrous sulfate.Rats were fed with low iron diet to construct IDA model.They were divided into normal control group,blank control group,low,medium and high dose blood peptide group,protein iron succinate group,ferrous sulfate group and Shengxuening group.The weight and food intake of rats were measured,and the signs of anemia were observed.After 5weeks of treatment,all indexes were tested.The results showed that: firstly,IDA rats recovered from anemia.Secondly,through the detection of blood routine,iron metabolism and related regulatory factors,it was found that the blood peptide group was improved compared with the blank control group.The results of gastric tissue showed that iron bovine blood peptide improved the pallor of gastric mucosa caused by anemia and did not stimulate the digestive tract.The results showed that the relative bioavailability of blood peptide medium and high dose groups were 120.79% and 117.06% compared with the control iron supplement.This study compared the effects of iron bovine blood peptide and control iron supplement on the number of red blood cells,average red blood cell volume and red blood cell distribution width of IDA rats.It was found that the two effects were different: the number of red blood cells in medium and high dose blood peptide group was 4.68 respectively × 1012/L、4.24 × 1012 / L,higher than 3.59 in protein iron succinate group and ferrous sulfate group × 1012/L、3.23 × 1012/L;The mean red blood cell volume of rats in medium and high blood peptide group was 37.82 FL and 43.43 FL respectively,which was significantly lower than 52.08 FL and 55.12 FL in protein iron succinate group and ferrous sulfate group;The coefficient of variation of red blood cell distribution width in medium and high bovine blood peptide group was 24.58% and 25.17% respectively,which was significantly higher than 13.48% and 12.67% in protein iron succinate group and ferrous sulfate group.This difference suggests that the mechanism of iron containing bovine blood peptide in the treatment of IDA is not achieved solely through iron supplementation.EPO(erythropoietin)is a cytokine that stimulates bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells to proliferate,differentiate and mature towards erythrocytes after binding to cell surface receptors.In order to explore whether the mechanism of iron containing bovine blood peptide in the treatment of IDA is related to the potential EPO like function of bovine blood peptide,the EPO receptor positive cervical cancer Ca Ski cells were treated with iron containing bovine blood peptide.The results showed that bovine blood peptide promoted the proliferation of Ca Ski cells and the expression of proliferation related genes CDK2 and cyclin D1,suggesting that while iron containing bovine blood peptide participated in hemoglobin synthesis as an iron supplement,it may also promote the proliferation of EPO positive bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells with blood protein peptide,Enhance erythropoiesis and alleviate anemia.The effect and signal pathway of bovine blood peptide on erythropoiesis need to be further studied.In conclusion,this study proves that iron containing bovine blood peptide has excellent effect in improving iron deficiency anemia in rats without obvious side effects.At the same time,this study found that iron containing bovine blood peptide may promote the formation of new erythrocytes through a different molecular mechanism from pure iron supplement.This study provides a strong theoretical support for the development and utilization of bovine blood in the treatment of IDA.