Study On The Ecological And Environmental Effects Of Transfer Payment In Key Ecological Functional Areas

While the process of industrialization and urbanization is accelerating in China,a series of ecological problems such as excessive consumption and waste of natural resources and serious environmental pollution inevitably occur,which has a huge negative impact on the sustainable development of China’s economy and society.Therefore,since the 18 th CPC National Congress,strengthening environmental protection and building ecological civilization has become an important work of the country.To this end,in accordance with the principle of "developer protection,beneficiary compensation",China has accelerated the pace of promoting the construction of the ecological compensation system.At the same time,it has deepened the reform of the financial and tax system in the ecological field and explored the implementation of ecological transfer payment.As an important part of China’s ecological compensation system,the transfer payment policy of key ecological functional areas has become the focus of current ecological transfer payment research.The transfer payment of key ecological functional areas is a large-scale,sustainable and direct ecological compensation method for regions with important and fragile ecological resources and relatively low economic development level in China.It is a balanced financial transfer payment policy that is crucial to the ecological field and an indispensable part of China’s ecological compensation system.So,as the largest and most extensive regional ecological compensation policy in China,has it effectively played a role in improving the ecological environment quality of key ecological function areas since its implementation for more than ten years? How to further optimize the policy design to make it more effective in serving ecological protection? Is the key research content of this paper.In order to study the above issues,this paper studies the ecological and environmental effects of transfer payment in key ecological functional areas step by step according to the writing idea of "theoretical analysis-current situation analysis-quantitative analysis-optimization and improvement" : first,sort out the relevant literature on "ecological compensation" and "ecological transfer payment" at home and abroad,find out the shortcomings of previous studies,and put forward the innovation points of this study,Determine the thinking framework of the article;Secondly,find out the theoretical basis of the ecological transfer payment system,and then focus on analyzing how the transfer payment in key ecological functional areas affects the behavior choice of local governments,and explore its theoretical logic and impact path;Third,it tracks the development process and institutional changes of the transfer payment policy in China’s key ecological functional areas,and comprehensively shows the implementation status of the transfer payment policy in China’s key ecological functional areas.Fourth,take Guangdong and Fujian provinces as examples,use county data and trend matching(PSM)method to conduct empirical tests,analyze the ecological improvement effect and heterogeneity performance of the implementation of the transfer payment according to the results,and draw the following conclusions:(1)The transfer payment policy in key ecological function areas has played a positive role in improving the local ecological environment quality;(2)The effect of the transfer payment policy in key ecological functional areas on improving the ecological environment is released and dynamically changed year by year;(3)The improvement effect of ecological environment quality in areas with higher financial self-sufficiency is better.Finally,on the basis of the empirical analysis of this paper,the author puts forward the policy recommendations of adhering to the long-term implementation of the policy,determining the protection of the ecological environment as the main goal,standardizing the use of management funds,scientifically and reasonably adjusting the fund allocation mechanism,improving the fund supervision and performance evaluation methods,and establishing the horizontal ecological transfer payment.To sum up,the innovation of this paper is as follows: First,in terms of research content,this paper focuses on the ecological and environmental effects of transfer payment in key ecological functional areas,explores the role of transfer payment in key ecological functional areas in improving the quality of ecological environment through quantitative analysis,and then puts forward more targeted optimization suggestions,It is helpful to make up for the lack of research and quantitative analysis on the effect of transfer payment in key ecological functional areas;Second,in terms of research methods,this paper uses the propensity value matching(PSM)method,and through publicly obtaining the county ecological environment quality index as a data sample according to the application,to some extent,it avoids the problems of endogenous bias and data too general in previous research methods,and realizes the improvement and innovation of research methods.