Measurement And Analysis Of Green Total Factor Productivity In China Incorporating Human Capital

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out that promoting the formation of green development methods and lifestyles is a profound revolution,and it is necessary to put the practice of green development concepts in a highly important position.As an important basis for reflecting economic growth,total factor productivity is the main means to explore the source and quality of economic growth.Most scholars,facing the increasingly severe reality of China’s resource environmental protection problems,have gradually realized that the green total factor productivity that incorporates resource and environmental constraints into factor indicators is a scientific and reasonable indicator to measure China’s economic situation.Human capital,as a carrier of knowledge and technology,is one of the sources of economic growth.Therefore,in the face of the resource and environmental problems brought about by the extensive economic development mode,taking into account the human capital elements,scientific and reasonable analysis of green total factor productivity is of far-reaching significance to China’s highquality economic development.Firstly,based on the non-radial and non-angular Slack Based Measure(SBM)directional distance function and the Global Malmquist Luenberger(GML)index,this paper focuses on the current situation and convergence trend of green total factor productivity and its decomposition in 30 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)in China from2000 to 2019.Then,the human capital composition of education,health,scientific research and training is introduced,the green total factor productivity is recalculated,and the dynamic evolution trend and the differences between regions are analyzed in an all-round way;On this basis,the comparative analysis considers the measurement results of the two models of human capital elements,and explores the reasons for the differences in combination with the actual situation,so as to provide a research reference for achieving the goal of green development and high-quality economic growth.Empirical analysis shows that:(1)China’s green total factor productivity(1.009)and total factor productivity(1.015)are both growing,and the level of total factor productivity under resource and environmental constraints will be overestimated.(2)China’s green total factor productivity,based on the composition of human capital,showed a fluctuating growth trend,with an average annual growth rate of 2.31%;From the perspective of decomposition items,technological progress is the main force driving the growth of green total factor productivity,with a contribution rate of 1.59%;Technological efficiency improvement is a secondary driving force,with a contribution rate of 0.71%;Most provinces(municipalities,autonomous regions)have spatial autocorrelations and spatial dependencies.(3)China’s green total factor productivity estimation based on human capital composition is generally higher than that of human capital composition,and the growth of green total factor productivity in both modes shows a trend of "high in the east and low in the west".