| The rapid development of land urbanization and the increasing intensity of human development have made the territorial space face a lot of ecological pressure.The ecological carrying capacity of natural resources in some areas has been seriously insufficient.There are ecological risks such as ecological function degradation and low quality of habitats,and the phenomenon of dual game between territorial space development and protection.Since the 18 th CPC National Congress,with the release of policy documents such as "accelerating the construction of ecological civilization","implementing the ecological protection and restoration project of mountains,rivers,forests,fields,lakes and grasslands",and "formulating the plans for territorial and spatial ecological restoration of provinces,cities and counties",ecological protection and restoration research has become the focus of current relevant fields.The karst rocky desertification area is widely distributed in the southern region of our country,its ecological security maintenance function is prominent but the ecological environment is fragile.Identifying the ecological protection and restoration area of territorial space is an important measure to promote ecological functions,utilize resources efficiently and ensure the ecological security of territorial space.Therefore,under the background of the new era with the goal of pursuing high-quality development,it has become an important topic to explore and establish the theory and method of regional ecological restoration of the territorial space in karst mountain areas.Based on this,Hechi City,a typical karst area in northwest Guangxi,is selected as the case study.With the theoretical support of ecological civilization construction,the theoretical and methodological framework of territorial ecological restoration zoning is constructed according to the logical idea of "theory and methodological framework construction-empirical research",and the data of meteorology,soil,vegetation,land use,economic and social data are integrated.Using 30m×30m resolution grid as evaluation unit and supplemented by administrative division to carry out fine evaluation,the spatial differentiation characteristics of ecological function degradation and resilience in Hechi City were quantitatively evaluated.The spatial correlation between ecological function degradation and resilience under grid scale was analyzed by using ESDA spatial exploration technology.Finally,the mutually exclusive matrix model was introduced to divide the territorial ecological protection and restoration area comprehensively,and different control measures were proposed for each area,in order to benefit the sustainable development of the region.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)a theoretical and methodological framework for ecological restoration zoning of the national land space is constructed.Based on the in-depth understanding of the connotation of territorial ecological restoration zoning and the cognition of related literature,the concept of territorial ecological restoration zoning is further expanded.On the basis of theoretical framework,combined with the particularity of land use and ecological environment in karst areas,a regional method system of territorial ecological restoration based on ecological function degradation and resilience evaluation is constructed.In ecological function degradation,8indicators are selected from three dimensions of ecological capacity,ecological vitality and ecological value to construct an evaluation index system.In ecological function resilience,14 indicators are selected from three dimensions of natural condition index,ecological pressure and landscape fragmentation to construct an evaluation index system.The construction of this system lays a theoretical and methodological foundation for the empirical research.(2)The spatial differentiation of ecological function degradation in Hechi City is obvious,showing the distribution law of the same grade gathering in a small range,similar grades interspersing with each other,and a few map spots scattered and dotted among all grades.Through the evaluation of ecological capacity,ecological vitality and ecological value,the spatial differentiation of ecological function degradation in Hechi City was obtained: According to the evaluation results,the ecological function degradation of Hechi City mainly consists of mild degradation and slight(no)degradation,mainly distributed in the large area of forest land in the west,north central and northeast of Hechi City,with a total area of 1,8171.17 km~2,accounting for 54.27% of the total land area.High degradation and relatively high degradation are mainly distributed in the karst rocky desertification areas in the southern,southeastern and northwestern margins,with a total area of 8598.39km~2,accounting for 25.69% of the total land area.From the perspective of county scale,Dahua County and Du ’an County have the highest degradation of ecological function degradation,both of which belong to relatively high degradation areas and will be the key areas of ecological environment governance in Hechi City in the future.From the perspective of spatial agglomeration characteristics,the ecological function degradation of Hechi City has significant group distribution characteristics.(3)The spatial heterogeneity of ecological functional resilience in Hechi City is significant,showing a gradual decreasing trend from northwest to southeast.Based on the assessment of natural condition index,ecological pressure and landscape fragmentation,the spatial differentiation of ecological functional resilience in Hechi City was obtained: From the evaluation results,the distribution characteristics of ecological function resilience in Hechi City are mainly strong resilience and strong resilience,and the distribution characteristics are similar to the mild and slight(no)ecological function degradation.The total area of the two is 19,106.38km~2,accounting for 57.07% of the total land area.The weak resilience and weak resilience are mainly distributed in the southern and northwestern regions.They cover a total area of 7,132.15km~2,accounting for 21.30% of China’s total land area.From the county scale,Tian ’e County and Huanjiang County have the highest level of ecological function resilience,both of which belong to the strong resilience area,while Dahua County and Du ’an County have the lowest level of ecological function resilience,both of which belong to the weak resilience area.From the perspective of spatial correlation,the ecological functional resilience of Hechi City also has obvious agglomeration characteristics.(4)Based on the collaborative analysis of ecological function degradation and resilience,Hechi City is divided into four ecological restoration types: key ecological conservation area,ecological optimization and promotion area,ecological improvement and reconstruction area and key ecological management area.The area is 8703.11km~2,8374.17km~2,7574.13km~2 and8828.31km~2 respectively.Finally,differentiated management and control measures and implementation opinions are proposed for each area. |
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