| Chinese economy is transforming towards high-quality development,and the green revolution is an important channel to target the forefront of global economic development.China aims to achieve two targets,peaking carbon emissions before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.In 2013,China started pilot carbon emission trading in seven provinces and cities to explore the use of market mechanisms to achieve greenhouse gas control targets and accumulate experience for the establishment of a carbon emission trading market suitable for China’s national conditions.A pilot was also carried out in Fujian province in 2016.The construction of a nationwide carbon market was officially launched in 2021.Green innovation refers to the innovation in industrial design,process management and organizational management implemented by innovation agents to achieve environmental protection purposes.Green innovation is an important way to promote energy conservation and emission reduction and achieve low carbon development.Assessing the impact of carbon emission trading pilot policies on urban green innovation has become a hot topic for policy makers and academics.Previous studies have shown that cooperation can promote knowledge flow,knowledge integration and technology transfer,thus enhancing innovation capacity.First,under the pressure of environmental regulation,enterprises and other innovation entities in the region are willing to cooperate to cope with high cost,high risk and high complexity of innovation.Studies have shown that when environmental regulation policies are implemented,enterprises and other innovation subjects tend to improve the level of green technology innovation of organizations by establishing more extensive inter-organizational cooperation network.Second,in the carbon emission trading market,the trading of carbon emission amount between enterprises inevitably lead to exchanges and interactions between enterprises.Then,does this market-incentive policy affect green innovation cooperation?However,previous research has not fully answered whether the carbon emission trading policy affects the green innovation cooperation at the city level.From the perspective of market-motivated environmental regulation and based on public policy evaluation theory and regional innovation system theory,this study examines the direct impact of the carbon emission trading pilot policy on inter-city and intra-city green innovation collaboration.Second,based on the upgrading of the industrial structure,this study further explores the mechanism.Moreover,different urban characteristics may affect the effect of policy implementation,so this study explores the heterogeneity of the impact of carbon emission trading pilot policies on urban green innovation cooperation from the two aspects of opening to the outside world and command-and-control environmental regulation intensity.In order to investigate the effect and mechanism of carbon emission trading policy on green innovation cooperation,the implementation of this policy is evaluated as a "quasi-natural experiment".This study examines the impact of the policy on green innovation collaboration.Based on the data of 274 cities from 2008 to 2020,the difference-in-differences model is used to evaluate the impact of the policy on green innovation cooperation.The results showed that the carbon emission trading pilot policy significantly improved inter-city and intra-city green innovation cooperation.Compared with the non-pilot cities,the implementation of the policy increased the number of inter-city green innovation cooperation and intra-city green innovation cooperation in the pilot cities by 1.670 and 11.725 times,respectively.In addition,the study shows that the carbon emission trading pilot policy has improved the level of green innovation cooperation by promoting industrial structure upgrading.There were significant differences in the policy effects of cities with different degrees of opening to the outside world and command-and-control environmental regulation.Therefore,the further promotion of carbon emission trading policy in China should focus on the optimization of industrial structure and the promotion of cities with a high degree of opening to the outside world and a high degree of command-and-control environmental regulation,so as to achieve the improvement of China’s overall green innovation level. |
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