| Long-term exposure of the foot to cold air or water with improper protection can lead to gangrene,requiring surgery or even amputation.If the feet are exposed to cold air or water for a long time and are not properly protected,gangrene may occur in severe cases to require surgical treatment or even amputation.Therefore,it is very important to improve the thermal protection level of footwear to prevent feet frostbite and reduce or avoid the harm caused by low temperature environment to people.With the development of wearable technology,some electric heating footwear and intelligent heating shoes have been developed and produced.These heating footwear meets the needs of the feet for cold protection to a certain extent,but the important problems such as poor flexibility of heating elements,and the mismatch between the design of the heating area and heating temperature and the temperature demand of each part of the foot have not been solved yet.Specifically,the main research of this topic includes the following four parts:(1)Systematic review of research progress in foot cold-proof prevention theory and products.A review of research in the field of foot cold prevention is presented in the form of a literature review,which outlines the causes and hazards of foot cold injury,summarizes the heat transfer behavior between "footshoe-external environment" in cold environments,introduces in detail the research progress of electric heating and intelligent heating cold prevention.The research progress of electric heating and intelligent heating cold-proof footwear is introduced in detail,and the current foot temperature measurement technology used in medical and health monitoring fields is briefly introduced.(2)In-depth analysis of the characteristics and user needs of existing heating and cold-proof footwear.Through questionnaire survey,research and analysis of the current situation of heating footwear market and user needs;through the case analysis of some domestic heating footwear products with large sales volume,summarize the design characteristics of commercially available electric heating footwear,and analyze the main reasons for its existence problems,put forward the direction and way of improving shoe heating.(3)Selection of suitable flexible heating elements based on performance tests and heat-field distribution.The applicability of silver-plated yarn and stainless steel conductive yarn is compared based on the heat aging property and maximum load current.Using stainless steel conductive yarn as the heating element,the electric heating performance and the effect of yarn arrangement scheme on the heat field distribution were investigated to provide a practical basis for realizing the heating of flexible materials in cold-proof footwear.(4)Based on the comfort theory,a design strategy of intelligent temperature-controlled cold-proof footwear is proposed.According to the differences of foot metabolism and heat production,combined with the characteristics of heat and moisture interaction in the shoe cavity,from the selection and arrangement of sensors,the module design of temperature control system to the distribution of heating area,and the structural design of cold-proof footwear,etc.,the overall design points and processes of intelligent temperature control cold-proof footwear are summarized,and a set of design solutions is proposed based on this.The designed split type cold-proof footwear can realize the intelligent temperature control of five foot parts according to the internal temperature of the shoe cavity.Meanwhile,the development of the intelligent temperature control module and the main interface design of the supporting APP have been completed.The main problems of cold-proof footwear at the present stage,the future improvement directions and ways of heated footwear and the proposed design strategies of intelligent temperature-controlled cold-proof footwear are summarized,which have certain reference significance for the subsequent research and improvement of heated footwear products. |
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