| In order to develop a new type of nutritive koumiss product,a kind of formula koumiss powder with rich nutrition and pleasant taste was prepared from mare’s milk powder as the main raw material.Through single factor and orthogonal experiments on the main raw materials and process of the product,the optimal ratio of raw materials was obtained.Then the sensory,physical and chemical,functional,microbial and other indicators of the new products were tested and analyzed,and the changes of product quality were monitored and analyzed during storage to predict its shelf life.The results are as follows:(1)Through single factor and orthogonal test,the formula optimization results of koumiss powder were as follows:The sensory score of koumiss powder and fresh mare’s milk powder was 17.3±0.3 with the addition of 62%(26:36),18%whole milk powder,5%desalted whey powder,6%sucrose powder,2%FOS,2%GOS and 5%whey protein powder.(2)The nutritional composition determination results of modulation koumiss powder showed that the total dry matter content per 100 grams of product was95.56±0.41 g,The contents of protein,fat,lactose,sucrose and ash were 30.16±0.31 g,18.3±0.11 g,42.54±2.70 g,6.08±0.55 g and 3.03±0.04 g,respectively.The p H was5.29±0.10,the recovered acidity was 20.45±0.26°T,and the number of lactic acid bacteria was 3.01×10~6CFU/g.(3)A total of 16 kinds of amino acids were detected,including 8 kinds of essential amino acids,accounting for 11.18%of the total amino acid content.Among the essential amino acids,leucine content was the highest(2.28g/100g).The fatty acids were mainly palmitic acid,oleic acid and linolenic acid,accounting for 25.73%,18.36%and 13.14%of the total fatty acids,respectively.(4)Modulation koumiss powder has certain antioxidant properties.When its rehydration concentration was 10 g/L,DPPH free radical scavenging rate was33.14±0.02%,hydroxyl free radical scavenging rate was 43.54±0.33%,ABTS~+·free radical scavenging rate was 75.97±0.02%,reducing ability was 0.57±0.02.Cholesterol degradation rate was 30.53±1.29%,nitrite degradation rate was 46.14±0.55%,ACE inhibition rate was 43.25±1.55%.(5)In order to facilitate carrying and storage,single factor and orthogonal experiments were carried out to study the tablet forming process of the modulation koumiss powder.The results showed that the hardness and chewiness of the modulation koumiss tablet were better under the conditions of 20 r/min rotation speed,0.4 MPa pressure and 30 min mixing time,and there was no great difference between the modulation koumiss tablet and the normal one.(6)The quality test results of the modulation koumiss powder during storage showed that the moisture content of the modulation koumiss powder did not change significantly during storage;The number of lactic acid bacteria showed a decreasing trend,and the total number of bacterial colonies did not exceed the national standard during the storage period.When stored for 12 weeks at room temperature,the color changes obviously,showing dark yellow,and the smell was rancid.The color and smell changes under freezing condition are within the acceptable range. |
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