Study On Mechanism Of Camel Milk Alleviating Inflammatory Response Of Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury In Mice

Under the background of the implementation of the "Healthy China" strategy,more accurate,fast and convenient access to food that meets individual nutritional and hygiene needs has become the goal pursued by consumers.Therefore,mining foods with specific nutritional and health effects has become a research hotspot in the field of food science.Studies have shown that foods rich in bioactives and antioxidants have a good protective effect against oxidative stress and other causes of inflammation.Camel milk is not only favored by consumers for its unique nutritional value,but also has a wide range of medicinal and biological effects because of its rich bioactive substances.Studies have confirmed that anti-inflammatory therapy is beneficial to liver diseases,and currently developed immune molecular inhibitors can effectively reduce the damage caused by liver inflammation to liver cells and tissues.Therefore,finding anti-inflammatory drug targets and developing novel immune molecular inhibitors or enhancers based on inflammatory response pathways are of great significance for the development of ALD therapeutic drugs and strategies.In this study,ICR male mice were randomly divided into 4 groups,namely normal group(NC),model group(ET),camel milk group(CM)and camel milk intervention group(ET+CM).The acute alcoholic liver injury model was established by gavage of a large amount of alcohol(7.3 g/kg)in a short period of time,and camel milk was gavaged for intervention.After the test,the serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-10(IL-10)and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)levels were measured in serum and triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein(HDL-C),low density lipoprotein(LDL-C),glutathione(GSH),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA)and reduced coenzyme II(NADPH)in the liver.Degree of protection against alcoholic liver injury in mice.And based on the research technology of transcriptomics,the effect and mechanism of camel milk on the inflammatory response of acute alcoholic liver injury were discussed.The main findings are as follows:1.In terms of liver injury,oxidative stress and lipid metabolism in mice,compared with the model group,the liver injury of the camel milk intervention group was alleviated,and the serum ALT and AST levels were significantly reduced(p < 0.05).TG,LDL-C,ROS,MDA and NADPH levels were significantly decreased(p < 0.05),while HDL-C,GSH,GSH-Px and SOD levels were significantly increased(p < 0.05).The histopathological results showed that the structure of the hepatic lobules of the mice in the camel milk intervention group was clear,and the liver was more complete and clearer than the model group.The infiltration of inflammatory cells was significantly reduced,indicating that camel milk can resist oxidative stress,reduce hepatic steatosis,and relieve alcoholic liver injury.2.After the intervention of camel milk,the contents of serum pro-inflammatory factors IL-6,IL-1β and TNF-α were significantly decreased(p <0.05),and the content of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 was significantly increased(p <0.05).TUNEL staining showed that there were a small number of fluorescent spots in the liver tissue of the mice in the camel milk intervention group,and there was basically no hepatocyte apoptosis,indicating that the anti-inflammatory substances in camel milk could relieve liver injury and inflammation by regulating inflammatory cytokines and inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis.reaction,play a role in protecting the liver.3.Transcriptome results showed that a total of 1426 differentially expressed genes(673 up-regulated genes and 753 down-regulated genes)were detected in the ET group and the ET+CM group.Annotation and enrichment results showed that differential genes were mainly enriched in MAPK(IL-1R1,TNFR,ATF-2,ERK,JIP3,Ju D),Toll-like receptors(TLR5,TLR9,CD14,ERK,PIK3R1,IL-1β,IL-6)and NF-κB(TNFR,CD14,NF-κB,Bcl-2,IL-1β,TNF-α)signaling pathways.Furthermore,representative IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α,CD14,TLR5,TLR9,NF-κB and Bcl-2 were verified by q PCR.The results showed that camel milk alleviated alcohol-induced inflammation mainly through regulating the gene expression of inflammatory related MAPK,Toll-like receptor and NF-κB signaling pathway.In conclusion,camel milk can effectively inhibit the inflammatory response of acute liver damage.This study lays a theoretical foundation for the development of immune molecular suppression and anti-inflammatory drugs based on the inflammatory response pathway,and provides new ideas for clinical treatment of ALD in the future.