Study On Carbon-water Footprint And Carbon Emission Reduction Potential Of Cement Production Enterprises Based On LCA

Since General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed the"3060 Goal"at the 75th Session of the United Nations General Assembly in 2020,China has also proposed to accelerate the construction of the"1+N"system to accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation of all industries,so as to promote high-quality economic development.Cement industry,as a key field,has made great contribution to energy consumption and carbon emissions.It is incumbent to implement energy-saving and emission reduction measures to achieve"zero carbon"emissions as soon as possible.Therefore,this study analyzes and evaluates the environmental impact,carbon-water footprint,energy conservation and emission reduction of typical cement enterprises based on LCA and Sima Pro 9 software.This paper mainly analyzes the links of energy saving and emission reduction in typical cement enterprises,and compares the changes of potential environmental impacts under different energy types.Then,the reasons for the difference in the potential environmental impact of the cooperative disposal of hazardous waste,household waste,general solid waste and conventional cement production were compared and analyzed,and the energy saving and emission reduction effects of alternative fuels and raw materials were explored.Finally,according to the types and application prospects of existing energy saving and emission reduction measures in the cement industry,different scenarios are set up to predict the future trend of carbon emissions in China’s cement industry,providing scientific basis for the formulation of carbon reduction measures in China’s cement industry.The results show that:（1）The overall analysis of typical cement enterprises in China shows that the potential value of environmental impact of cement production process on each index is as follows:FETP>GWP>AP>MEP>FEP>WCP.The main contributing unit of FETP index is raw material transportation,accounting for about 42.33%.The main contributor of GWP index is the direct emissions from limestone calcination and coal combustion,accounting for about 84.31%.In GWP,WCP,AP and FEP,energy consumption accounts for a large proportion of 88.19%,53.90%,84.83%and 78.37%,respectively.（2）A comparative analysis of the potential environmental impact of calcination with natural gas as energy and coal as energy shows that the use of natural gas for heating can reduce about 13.8%of carbon dioxide emissions,which has a good emission reduction effect.However,the source,transportation and price of natural gas become the key factors restricting its development.（3）A comparative analysis of the cooperative disposal of hazardous waste by cement kilns,the cooperative disposal of domestic waste by cement kilns,and the cooperative disposal of general solid waste by cement kilns and conventional cement production shows that the use of alternative raw materials and alternative fuels can reduce adverse environmental impact and CO₂ emissions to a certain extent.Compared with conventional cement production（907.99 kg CO₂/t）,the carbon emission of ton products of hazardous waste,domestic waste and general solid waste in coordinated disposal of cement kiln is 28.42%,12.74%and 9.49%,respectively.（4）At the same time,this study explores the carbon emission reduction potential of the cement industry and predicts the future carbon emission trend of the cement industry by constructing three scenarios,namely the baseline scenario,development scenario and optimal scenario.The prediction results show that under the baseline scenario,CO₂ emissions in 2035 will be 1.136 billion tons,and will reach a peak of about 1.427 billion tons in 2025.Under the development scenario,CO₂ emissions in2035 are reduced by about 33 million tons compared with the baseline scenario,and peak at 1.422 billion tons around 2024.Under the best scenario,CO₂ emissions in2035 are 116 million terabytes less than in the baseline scenario and peak at about1.390 billion terabytes around 2023.