Study On Carbon Reduction Potential Of Rural Household Waste Based On Life Cycle Method

In 2020,the Chinese government officially proposed the goal of "carbon peak" by2030 and "carbon neutrality" by 2060.Low carbon management in MSW field is an important way to achieve national carbon emission reduction target.China has a large population of permanent rural residents,the output of rural household waste is about half of urban household waste.The rapid urbanization has made the rural household waste present the characteristics of diversification and miscellaneous composition.The household waste problem has become an important factor restricting the green and lowcarbon development of rural areas.It is of great theoretical significance to construct the carbon emission accounting system of rural household waste,analyze the carbon emission characteristics of the whole life cycle,and study its carbon emission reduction potential,which is of great practical significance to the realization of China’s "double carbon" goal.As a province with a large population in central China,the output of rural household waste is increasing by 10% every year.In order to achieve the goal of "dual carbon",the Hubei provincial government has issued a series of policy documents requiring the acceleration of low-carbon development of household waste.Based on the life cycle theory,this study uses the IPCC inventory method to construct the carbon emission accounting system of rural household waste.Taking Hubei Province as a case,this paper investigated the production characteristics and resource utilization status of rural household waste,and analyzed the carbon emission characteristics of rural household waste in hubei province during its whole life cycle.Scenario analysis was used to calculate the carbon emission reduction potential of household waste in Hubei province,and the carbon emission reduction strategy was put forward.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)In 2020,the per capita daily output of rural household waste in Hubei province was 0.57 kg.Kitchen waste was the main component of household waste,accounting for about 57.4%,followed by gray soil waste,plastic waste and paper waste,accounting for 15.4%,9.3% and 9.2%,respectively.The proportions of other components were all less than 5%.The classification and management level of rural household waste in Hubei province is not high,and the recycling degree of rural waste needs to be improved.The proportion of paper and plastic waste sold by the surveyed farmers was about 8.4%and 1.5%,and the proportion of kitchen waste reused by feeding poultry was about33.0%.(2)In 2020,the carbon emission of the whole life cycle of rural household waste in Hubei province is about 3,506,500 tons.From the perspective of carbon emission structure,the carbon emission in transit transportation and treatment phase was 104,400 tons and 3,420,700 tons respectively,and the carbon emission avoided by recycling recyclable waste was 18,600 tons.There are significant spatial differences in the total and per capita carbon emissions of rural household waste in Hubei province.Cities with high carbon emissions,such as Huanggang,Jingzhou and Wuhan,should pay more attention to the reduction and recycling of rural household waste in order to achieve the low-carbon treatment target of rural household waste in Hubei Province.(3)The economic status and environmental awareness of farmers are important driving factors of rural household waste output in Hubei Province.The reduction of rural household waste,the adjustment of farmers’ consumption structure,and the improvement of environmental awareness and waste classification willingness are crucial to carbon emission reduction.Compared with landfill,waste incineration and composting have significant carbon emission reduction advantages in all scenarios,and waste classification recovery and resource utilization can effectively reduce the unit carbon emissions of waste incineration and landfill.(4)According to the results of the model to predict the benchmark scenario and landfill leading conservative situation cannot satisfy the rural living waste in hubei province in 2025 carbon emissions reduction targets,and consider high recovery,kitchen waste recycling household composting and burning power generation of moderate and optimistic scenario can ensure the rural living waste processing department’s contribution to the carbon emissions reduction targets.Under the three optimal scenarios,the carbon emissions of rural household waste in Hubei province will be reduced by 22.86%-90.15% in the whole life cycle by 2030.(5)According to the simulation results and sensitivity coefficient of Monte Carlo model,daily production per capita,methane recovery ratio and landfill ratio have the highest sensitivity to carbon emissions.Under the "dual carbon" goal,the existing waste treatment mode has been unable to meet the requirements of low-carbon development.In the future,the rural domestic waste should be managed in the whole life cycle from the aspects of source reduction,recovery and resource recovery,and treatment mode optimization,so as to build a comprehensive low-carbon management system.