Antibiotics And Microplastics Detection Method For Vegetable And A System For Food Quality Detection

The research on food quality and safety is very important,and it is one of the topics that the whole society pays high attention to.Optical inspection is a fast and non-destructive food quality detection method,but most of its research stays at the laboratory inspection level with large-scale instruments,and the instruments are expensive,consumers cannot perform inspections anytime and anywhere.On the other hand,the advanced research results of food quality detection algorithms from majority of researchers are often limited in papers,and there is a lack of a unified platform for hosting these algorithms.Therefore,from the perspective of testing the quality of food itself,ensuring that consumers have a simple and convenient way to accurately identify the adulterated food in the market has important research value and practical significance for preventing food quality and safety problems.With the enrichment of smartphone functions and the miniaturization of optical sensing devices,portable food quality inspection technology based on smartphones has become possible,but the role of micro-detection devices is limited by food quality detection algorithms.To solve these problems,an open food quality inspection system with secondary development function was developed in this study,which integrated small near-infrared spectrometer,micro chlorophyll fluorometer,and smartphone camera to realize portable optical inspection of food and acquisition of traceability information.Through the development of algorithm sharing functions,the system can be re-developed through multiple programming languages to realize the integration of various food quality detection algorithms.At the same time,aiming at the problem of lack of detection algorithms for emerging antibiotics and microplastics pollution in agricultural products,a fast and convenient detection method for antibiotics and microplastics based on chlorophyll fluorescence was studied.The main results are as follows:（1）Research and development of an open food quality inspection basic platform with secondary development function.On the basis of common food traceability systems,taking the optical data of food as the main quality inspection method,based on Android platform,My SQL database,and Alibaba Cloud ECS server,an open food quality inspection system with traceability function was designed and developed.The online compilation and call of C,C++,JAVA and Python language files are realized by invoking the GCC compiler,Javac compiler and Py Charm built-in compiler.And through algorithm sharing functions,the system has the function of secondary development,which can integrate various food quality detection algorithms through multiple programming languages,and has good scalability.The system is scalable and provides a basic platform for solving food quality and safety problems,provides a basis for various food quality detection algorithms of researchers to function,and provides support for future smart phone-based food quality detection algorithm database.（2）Communication protocol on optical detection equipment of an open food quality detection platform.Considering the wide application of small spectrometers and chlorophyll fluorescence meters in food quality detection,on the basis of the open food quality inspection basic platform,the communication and control function modules between the DLP NIRscan Nano miniature near-infrared spectrometer,the micro chlorophyll fluorescence instrument and the smart phone were researched and developed based on Bluetooth and Universal Serial Bus（USB）interface protocols,respectively,which realized the acquisition of food optical information based on smart phones and multiple data transmission modes.And the development of the traceability and anti-counterfeiting function module was carried out by using the smartphone camera,which realizes convenient scanning of food packaging barcode or QR code information.And through the design of database,the storage and management of food optics and traceability information was realized.（3）Research of rapid detection methods for vegetable antibiotics and microplastics based on chlorophyll fluorescence（ChlF）.Aiming at the problem of the lack of quick detection methods for emerging vegetable antibiotics and microplastic pollution,a photosynthesis electron transport chain model was constructed based on ChlF,and the ChlF collection of vegetables,which contain antibiotics and microplastic pollution,was realized by using the micro chlorophyll fluorometer integrated in the system.Through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry（LC-MS/MS）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）and transmission electron microscopy（TEM）,the effects of antibiotic sulfadiazine（SDZ）pollution and microplastic polystyrene（PS）pollution on vegetable ultrastructure and chloroplast were analyzed and the amount of pollution residues was determined.Results show that the model can fit the ChlF OJIP curves under different pollution conditions well,and the detection limits of SDZ and PS of the proposed method are 0.72μg kg^-1and 3%of the affected area,respectively,which could achieve a good detection effect.And by integrating this method in the open food quality detection system,a fast,sensitive,non-destructive,portable and low-cost antibiotic and microplastic detection method is provided,which is of important significance for the quality and safety detection of vegetable quality.