| With the development of the national economy,the focus of mining began to move to the western region.Due to the impact of the geographical location in Northwest China,mining in winter is mostly faced with harsh environments such as low temperature and high altitude.The construction of on-site mixed loading and traditional emulsion explosive is faced with problems such as the reduction of blasting speed and brisance.Finally,the project progress is slow,the mining cost is too high,and the potential safety hazards of blasting operation.Therefore,it is particularly important to study the oil phase suitable for emulsion explosive in plateau environment.In this paper,the high viscosity oil phase is selected as the raw material,including microcrystalline wax,white beeswax,special oil phase for emulsion explosive and self-made mixed oil phase.It is applied to emulsion explosive.Through the simulation of plateau environment,the properties of emulsion explosive made of different oil phase materials are observed,so as to analyze the influence of high altitude environment on emulsion explosive and whether the oil phase materials are suitable.The results show that:（1）The viscosity of four kinds of emulsion explosives was tested,it was found that the viscosity of emulsion explosives increases with the decrease of temperature,and the viscosity of emulsion explosives made of microcrystalline wax is the highest.At the same time,the viscosity of self-made mixed oil phase is similar to that of white beeswax,and the viscosity of special oil phase for emulsion explosive is the lowest,and its viscosity increase is not obvious with the decrease of temperature.（2）The density test,microscopic observation method,particle size test and conductivity test of emulsion explosive before and after the plateau environment show that the emulsion explosive after the plateau environment,its density will decrease,the number of sensitized bubbles will decrease,the diameter will increase,the shape will become irregular,and the oil phase with higher viscosity will have less influence.The particle size of emulsion matrix of emulsion explosive changes little.After experiencing plateau environment,the crystallization rate of some oil phases will increase significantly.（3）Detonation velocities of the emulsion explosives were measured at normal temperature and pressure and in the simulated plateau environment.It was found that the detonation velocities of the four emulsion explosives all decreased.The decrease of the emulsion explosives made of microcrystalline wax and white beeswax was due to the serious crystallization in the simulated plateau environment,except the influence of the low temperature of the explosive itself.The mixed oil phase specially prepared for emulsion explosive is caused by the influence of simulated plateau environment on sensitized bubbles and density.The oil-phase explosive performance of self-made emulsion explosive meets the requirements of daily use in plateau environment.Through the explosion heat experiment,as well as high and low temperature cycle experiment,the explosion heat and storage stability of emulsion explosive were studied.The results showed that the explosion heat of self-made mixed oil phase emulsion explosive reached4053 KJ·kg-1,which could meet the requirements of industrial explosives,and its storage stability had some crystallization after 15 days of high and low temperature cycle.（4）Through thermal analysis technology,the thermal decomposition process of four oil phase emulsion explosives is studied,and the thermal kinetic parameters are obtained by using the kinetic equation.The thermal stability and safety of self-made emulsion explosives are analyzed and compared,and the activation energy is 139.24 KJ·mol-1,which has good safety.Figure[28]Table[15]Reference[84]... |
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