Study On Low-Carbon Potential Of Industrial Parks In Henan Province Based On Symbiotic Coupling Of Energy-Intensive Industries

Climate change caused by greenhouse gas（GHG）emissions has aroused widespread concerns.As the largest GHG emitter of the world,China’s government put forward the goal of "carbon neutrality" and "carbon peak" into the overall situation of economy and social development,to promote economy and social developing based on efficient utilization of resources and green and low-carbon development.As the main carrier of industrial activities,industrial parks emit a large amount of GHG while promoting economic growth,which is the focus of energy conservation and emission reduction.Industrial symbiosis will be an effective method of energy conservation and emission reduction,which can significantly reduce the negative impact of traditional industrial system on the environment.Meanwhile,the energy-intensive industries such as iron and steel,cement and thermal power are not only the main sources of GHG emissions in industrial sectors,but also contain huge symbiotic opportunities.Therefore,energy conservation and carbon reduction in industrial parks and industrial sectors through industrial symbiosis in energy-intensive industries would play a key role in achieving the goals of "carbon peak" and "carbon neutrality".In this study,18 national industrial parks in Henan Province were selected as the research objects.Firstly,a multi-parks GHG emission inventory was established through emission factor method.Then,the industrial parks were classified by cluster analysis,and the emission characteristics of different types of parks were discussed.After that,this study focused on three energy-intensive industries:iron and steel,cement,and thermal power,collected a number of symbiotic technologies by material flow analysis,and applied life cycle assessment and energy conservation supply curve to evaluate the environmental impacts and cost-benefit of these technologies,so as to screen out the best available technologies.Finally,the energy conservation and emission reduction benefits brought by the promotion of the best available technologies in national industrial parks of Henan were quantitatively evaluated.The main conclusions are as follows:（1）Industrial parks in Henan Province were characterized by heavy industrial structure,high energy consumption and high CO₂ emissions.In 2017,the total CO₂ emissions of 18 parks reached 23.25 Mt,and coal consumption and energy-intensive industries were the main emission sources.The 18 industrial parks in this study were divided into "3Hs" parks represented by Puyang Economic&Technological Development Zone,"3Ls" parks represented by Zhengzhou Airport Economy Zone and "Mixed" parks represented by Xinxiang Economic&Technological Development Zone based on cluster analysis.And the "3Hs" and "Mixed" parks should be paid more attention in the GHG mitigation.（2）The promotion of symbiotic technologies in energy-intensive industries of industrial parks could significantly reduce the environmental impacts and the costs.The application of symbiosis technologies could reduce the environmental impact categories such as Human Toxicity Potential,Primary Energy Demand,Global Warming Potential and Acidification Potential.Ironmaking,coking and steelmaking processes in iron and steel industry,clinker calcination process in cement industry and boiler combustion process in thermal power industry contributed the most to the reduction of environmental impacts.Finally,according to the environmental impacts and cost-benefit of technologies,26 best available technologies were screened out.（3）In 2017,the promotion of the best available technologies in national industrial parks of Henan Province would bring remarkable benefits in energy conservation and emission reduction.Popularization of the best available technologies could save 497 ktce energy and reduce 2.5 Mt CO₂ for industrial parks containing the three industries,with energy saving and emission reduction rate reaching 7%and 13%respectively.For iron and steel enterprises in industrial parks,coking and ironmaking processes are the key processes to apply symbiotic technology.Meanwhile,this study also identified the key technologies that should be given priority to promotion of the three industries.This study provides important theoretical support for the low-carbon development of industrial parks and energy-intensive industries in Henan Province from the perspective of symbiotic coupling of energy-intensive industries.According to the results,this study puts forward industrial symbiosis technology promotion suggestions such as strengthening the development and utilization of symbiosis technology,helping symbiosis technology break through the obstacles in development,accelerating the development and popularization of key technologies in key processes and cultivating symbiotic industries.This study provides scientific basis for the government to formulate policies of industrial parks,thus effectively promoting the transformation and upgrading of low-carbon recycling in industrial parks in Henan province and helping to achieve the goal of carbon peak and neutrality.