Environmental Effects Of-Ecological Carrying Capacity

How to develop the economy with low pollution is a hot topic discussed in modern society.In the existing studies,most simply consider economic factors or understand the natural factors affecting pollution as the input of one or several production factors,natural factors as raw materials and included in cost analysis,only the agglomeration effect of abundant resources,and conclude that minerals and energy are the causes of industrial pollution.Natural resources are not only minerals and energy,but also water resources,land resources,biological resources and climate resources.These factors affect the industrial development direction of the region and the environmental pollution produced in the production process.Therefore,the ecological bearing capacity of the ecosystem from the perspective of industrial agglomeration and advanced industrial structure.Based on the data of 284 prefecture-level cities in China from 2005 to 2016,this paper measures the ecological carrying capacity and discusses its influence on environmental pollution level through spatial model and intermediary effect model,and further tests its conduction mechanism by using two intermediary variables: first,the hypothesis of ecological "well-being" is established.The greater the resource abundance of ecosystem,the stronger the ability of self-maintenance and self-regulation,the lower the level of pollution.Under the same level of GDP,areas with high ecological carrying capacity have less negative impact on the environment and lower environmental pollution level in the process of operation and maintenance of production.Second,the transmission mechanism of environmental effect of ecological carrying capacity is divided into two parts,one is to reduce the positive effect of pollution level through industrial structure upgrading.Ecological carrying capacity promotes the improvement of industrial structure from three angles: factor supply,residents’ environmental awareness and government support.The other part is the negative effect of increasing pollution level due to manufacturing industry agglomeration.Ecological carrying capacity affects the agglomeration degree of manufacturing industry from three angles of production cost,introduction of foreign capital and residents’ environmental consciousness through agglomeration effect.On the whole,the positive effect is greater than the negative effect.Third,the ecological "well-being" hypothesis has regional heterogeneity.In the eastern region,the greater the ecological carrying capacity,the lower the level of environmental pollution through the integration and utilization of abundant resources.The impact on the environment is smaller,the development sustainability is higher,and the ecological "well-being" effect is significant.However,the areas with large ecological carrying capacity in the central region and the western region did not make full use of the ecological advantages to reduce the negative impact on the environment caused by the operation and maintenance of production,and the ecological "well-being" effect was not significant.Therefore,we should strengthen the environmental supervision and maintenance of ecological fragile areas.Strengthen pollution prevention and control,unify pollution discharge standards,coordinate environmental regulation policies and share pollution prevention and control means.The central region focuses on introducing advanced science and technology and management concepts,increasing the intensity of environmental regulation,giving full play to ecological advantages,improving the advanced degree of industrial structure and exerting ecological welfare effect.The western region focuses on increasing regional scientific research investment,raising environmental awareness.