Fitting And Statistical Analysis Of The Light Curve Of Superluminous Supernovae Under The Magnetar Energy Model

In the last two decades,significant progress has been made in both observational and theoretical aspects of superluminous supernovae research.In this article,we provide an overview of the observational progress in Chapter 1,carefully introducing the discovery history,spectral and light curve observational characteristics,host galaxies,and event rate of SLSNe,which have the potential for cosmological applications.In Chapter 2,we carefully introduce the three main energy mechanisms of SLSNe.In Chapter 3,based on 18 well-observed SLSN samples collected from the Zwicky Transient Facility(ZTF),we used the magnetar energy model to fit their multicolor light curves,obtaining constraints on key model parameters such as the magnetic field strength B,the initial rotation period Pi,and the ejecta mass Mej of the magnetar.Specifically,we found that the mean ejecta mass is Mej=4.5-2.2+4.3 M☉,the mean initial rotation period is Pi=3.5-1.6+2.9 ms,and the mean magnetic field strength is Bp=1.4-0.8+2.0×1014 G.Compared with lGRBs,the magnetic field in SLSNe is relatively weak,which may suggest that extremely high magnetic field strength is a necessary condition for a magnetar to drive relativistic jets.In addition,we confirmed the previously found anti-correlation between the ejecta mass and the initial spin period of the magnetar(Pi ∝ Mej-0.47).These results suggest that there may be a unified origin for SLSNe and 1GRB explosions.Chapter 4 summarizes our research results and provides a brief outlook.