Study On The Coupling Relationship Between Cooling Effect And Recreation Use In Parks

With the development of urbanization,the high temperature in cities is becoming more and more severe,which poses a serious threat to the health of urban residents.Green space has been proved to have multiple functions,such as cooling regulation,leisure and relaxation,soothing body and mind,etc.Under the background of livable environment appeal and healthy life call,people have more urgent demand for access to green space.However,the multiple functions of green space usually have a trade-off.Current research focuses on the single functions of green space and lacks the discussion on the interaction between functions.Therefore,in this study,56 parks in the main urban area of Wuhan City were taken as examples.With the help of Landsat-8 remote sensing image,Baidu thermal map and other multi-source data,a comprehensive evaluation index system of park cooling effect and recreational use was constructed.Coupled coordination model was used to analyze the coupling characteristics of park cooling effect and recreational use.Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the effects of the park’s internal and surrounding environmental characteristics on the coupling relationship between cooling effect and recreation use,and to propose the optimization and renewal strategies for the built parks and the planning and construction strategies for new parks.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)The cooling effect of parks is affected by the scale of parks and natural landscape elements.On the whole,parks can alleviate the heat island effect of the surrounding areas quickly,with large cooling range and long cooling radiation distance,but the cooling effect covers a small area.When the area of the park is larger,the internal mountain,water and other natural landscape is richer,the cooling effect is better.(2)The recreational use of the park is affected by the size and location of the park.On the whole,the total number of visitors to the park is large and can be maintained above the average heat for a long time,but it has the characteristics of low internal agglomeration and small area.With the increase of the area of the park,the intensity of use per unit area gradually decreases,but the larger park has rich landscape and perfect facilities,and the use of the park is more sustainable.(3)The coupling level of cooling effect and recreation use in parks was high,but the coordination level was at the stage of near dissonance or barely coordination,and 67.9%of the cooling effect and recreation use in parks were in the state of mutual balance.The development of cooling effect and recreational use in parks is extremely uneven.47 parks have different degrees of cooling effect lag or recreational use lag,showing the characteristics of multi-index lag,and the degree of lag is relatively serious.(4)Attribute characteristics,functional facilities,location characteristics,building scale and land use nature all have significant effects on the coupling relationship between cooling effect and recreational use of parks.The cooling effect of the park is directly affected by the environmental characteristics of the park.When the proportion of forest land in the park is larger,the cooling intensity of the park is higher.The more complex the park shape,the faster it mitigates the heat island effect around it.Park recreation use is affected by the internal and surrounding environmental characteristics.Providing sufficient shade facilities in the park can improve the recreational use density of the park,and increasing the catering and entertainment facilities in the park can help improve the overall recreational use scale.When the types of facilities around the park are richer,the more tourists can be attracted to stay in the park.