Background Survey And Assessment On Insect Diversity In Danjiangkou City Hubei Province

Biodiversity is the basis of life in the earth.With the process of urbanization,industrialization and the loss of biodiversity caused by global climate change,it is urgent to strengthen the protection of insect diversity in Danjiangkou City.In this study,three investigation methods,including line transect,the light trap and Malaise trap,were used to investigate the insect species,diversity index and threat factor in Danjiangkou City from 2021 to 2022.And the suggestions of conservation of insect diversity of Danjiangkou City were put forward of Some suggestions on insect diversity conservation in Danjiangkou City were put forward.The results were as follows:1.Analysis of the insect species in Danjiangkou CityA total of 17 orders,143 families and 413 insect species were identified from 36 survey grids in Danjiangkou City through line transect,the light trap and Malaise traps methods.The dominant orders were Lepidoptera,Coleoptera and Hemiptera.A total of 15 orders,106 families,236 insect species were collected by line transect method.And the insect groups mainly included Hemiptera,Coleoptera and Lepidoptera.A total of 10 orders,74 families,214 insect species were collected by light trap method.And the insect groups mainly included,Hemiptera Coleoptera and lepidoptera moths.A total of 8 orders,33 families,72 insect species were collected by Malaise traps method.And the insect groups mainly included flying insects such as Diptera and Hymenoptera.2.Analysis of insect diversity in Danjiangkou CityThe insect diversity index in Danjiangkou City was analyzed.The results were showed that the highest number of insects in Danjiangkou City was the grid by Sujiayuan(42038101).The highest insect diversity index(H’)in Danjiangkou City was the grid by Zhangjiayuan(42038135).The highest Margalef richness index(ds)was the grid by General Temple(42038101).The highest Pielou evenness index(J)was the grid by Chenjiayuan(42038123).In the spring,a diversity survey was conducted during the initial emergence period of insects,and the grid with the highest Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H’)of insects is Zhangjiayuan(42038135);the grid with the highest Margalef richness index(ds)of insects is Sujiayuan(42038101);the grid with the highest Pielou evenness index(J)of insects is Zhaojiaping Village(42038129).In the summer,a diversity survey was conducted during the peak season of insect activity,and the grid with the highest Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H’)of insects is Zhangjiayuan(42038135);the grid with the highest Margalef richness index(ds)of insects is Zhangjiayuan(42038135);the grid with the highest Pielou evenness index(J)of insects is Jijiagou Village(42038122).In the autumn,a diversity survey was conducted during the overwintering period of insects,and the grid with the highest Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H’)of insects is Zhangjiayuan(42038135);the grid with the highest Margalef richness index(ds)of insects is Zhangjiayuan(42038135);the grid with the highest Pielou evenness index(J)of insects is Lujiagou(42038103).The results of diversity analysis at different elevations in Danjiangkou City were showed that diversity index(H’)and Margalef richness index(ds)were linear positive correlation with the elevation gradient.The insect Pielou evenness index(J)tends to decrease as the elevation of the survey grid increases,and the best elevation for insect habitat and reproduction is about 600m.The insect diversity indices(H’)of different habitats in Danjiangkou City were as followed by woodland streamside>woodland scrub>shrubs>bushes>farmland.The Margalef richness indices(ds)were as followed by woodland streamside>woodland scrub>shrubs>bushes>farmland.The Margalef richness indices of woodland streamside and woodland scrub were significantly higher than those of other habitats.The Pielou evenness indices(J)were as followed by farmland>woodland scrub>shrubs>bushes>woodland streamside,and the lower Pielou evenness indices(J)was the woodland streamside habitat.3.Diversity analysis of ecological indicator insects of Danjiangkou CityButterflies are recognized as one of the most sensitive indicator species to global climate change.The Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H’)of butterflies in different habitats in Danjiangkou City was followed by woodland streamside>woodland and shrubland>grass>farmland>shrubland.The Margalef richness index(ds)of butterflies was followed by woodland streamside>woodland and shrubland>shrubland>grass.The Pielou evenness index(J)of butterflies was followed by woodland streamside>woodland and shrubland>grass.The highest species of butterflies was habitat of woodland stream,while lowest species of butterflies was farmland habitat.The clustering results of butterflies in Danjiangkou City were showed that there are three clusters of butterflies in Danjiangkou.The first cluster(A21-A30)and the third cluster(A19-A18)had fewer butterfly species,and the homogeneous habitats were simplex.While the second cluster(A28-A33)had more butterfly species,and the habitat and the host plant was diverse and abundant.Aquatic insects can be used as important indicators of water quality change and water environment health.The results of aquatic indicator insect diversity in Danjiangkou City were showed that the highest species of aquatic indicator insects in Danjiangkou City was the grid by Zhangjiayuan(42038135).The highest diversity index(H’)of aquatic indicator insect in Danjiangkou City was the grid by Zhangjiayuan(42038135).The highest Margalef richness index(ds)of aquatic indicator insect was the grid by Zhangjiayuan(42038135).The highest Pielou evenness index(J)of aquatic indicator insect was the grid by Zhaojiaping village(42038129).Based on three large-scale surveys of insect diversity in Danjiangkou City,we found that the highest insect species and diversity indices were observed in the outbreak period of insects in Danjiangkou City.The major threat factors of insect diversity in Danjiangkou City included the human interference,tourism development,inappropriate application of pesticides,climate change.We suggested that Danjiangkou City should strengthen the multi-department coordination and supervision,such as the departments of environmental protection,forestry and agriculture.In addition,Danjiangkou City should strengthen the cooperation with research institutes,enhance the publicity and public awareness of insect diversity protection,and construct the ecological guardrail of insect diversity in Danjiangkou City.