Precise Annotation Research Of Tick And Drosophila Mitochondrial Genomes

Traditional animal mitochondrial genome annotation usually uses BLASTX or structure-based covariance models and other methods for annotation,however It is difficult to find new coding genes.In this article,the mitochondrial genomes of insect tick and Drosophila were precisely annotate at 1bp resolution without any overlaps and gaps based on PacBio and Nanopore full-length transcriptome sequencing technology,small RNA sequencing technology and new bioinformatics theory.The attribution of each base in the complete mitochondrial genome can be determined through theoretical and data support,and the starting position of each gene can be precisely determined.And through this method,new coding genes were discovered,and the replication and transcription initiation sites were determined.These aspects will help the exploration of mitochondrial transcriptional regulation models,provide new targets for the development of new drugs,and can also use synthetic biology techniques to increase drug production and create new models for innovative drug development.1.Precise annotation research and of tick:(1)For the first time,the precise annotation of Dermacentor silvarum in two control regions(Control Region,CR)was completed;(2)Two repeat regions R1(Region 1)and R2(Region 2)were detected through precise annotation,and a 28 nt repeat unit was found;(3)A transposon-like transposon was found,that is,ND1 to tRNA-Gln are similar to insertion sequence(IS),and R1 and R2 are similar to inverted repeat sequence(IR)transposons.2.Precise annotation research of Drosophila:(1)For the first time,the Drosophila mitochondrial genome was precisely annotated,and the complete mitochondrial sequence of 6 genomes of 4 Drosophila species was updated.At the same time,a quantitative transcription map of Drosophila was constructed at one time,revealing the expression trend of each gene in Drosophila mitochondria;(2)Based on the small RNA data and the tRNA clover structure model,this article discovered two antisense tRNAs for the first time,which can form a stable stem-loop structure,and the 3’ end has a stable CCA end,suggesting that it may be involved in tRNA The maturation and amino acid transport are used as an amino acid dose compensation mechanism.(3)Conserved polyA(+)and polyA(-)motifs were found in the CR region of mitochondria,providing insights into many polyA/T sequences in CR,and revealing mitochondrial transcription and its regulation in invertebrates.In summary,these aspects will help the exploration of mitochondrial transcriptional regulation models,provide new targets for new drug development,and can also use synthetic biology technology to increase drug production and create new models for innovative drug development.