| Galla Chinensis is an important resource insect product in China.The extraction and processing of various substances such as tannic acid and gallic acid are widely used in the pharmaceutical,food,and chemical industries.With the discovery of new applications for Galla Chinensis,the industry scale has gradually expanded,and the market demand for Galla Chinensis has increased significantly,resulting in a tight supply of Galla Chinensis resources.At present,the raw materials for Galla Chinensis processing are mainly wild resources,and there is an urgent need for large-scale artificial cultivation of Galla Chinensis.Moss,as one of the"three key elements"of Galla Chinensis production,is mainly collected from the wild,and its resources are facing exhaustion.Therefore,it is necessary to break through the bottleneck of moss artificial propagation technology and scale up the cultivation of moss to ensure the sustainable development of the Galla Chinensis industry.This thesis compares and studies the moss reproduction technology under different treatment conditions,determines the optimal environmental conditions for factory-scale moss reproduction,studies the parasitism of aphids on mosses of different growth years,determines the optimal growth years for mosses,and studies the parasitism of three morphologically similar mosses on aphids,discovering a new type of moss that can parasitize the Chinese sumac aphid.The main research results are as follows:(1)The study on the effects of different treatments on moss growth showed that:The optimum growth conditions for moss propagation were as follows:using non-woven non-woven fabrics as attachments,field soil:sand:humus soil(1:1:1)as matrix,planting density of 250 g/cm~2,spraying glucosamine nitrogen during growth.non-woven fabric is attachment material for moss factory breeding,with the best coverage,plant density,and total chlorophyll content of 37.67%,20 plants/9cm~2,and 1.52 mg/g,respectively;using soil:sand:peat(1:1:1)as the substrate for moss breeding,its coverage and plant density are 44.4%and 20 plants/9cm~2,respectively;broken branch moss and 250 g/cm~2 density,their new branch length is 15.52 mm,coverage is 37.67%,and plant density is 20 plants/9cm~2;the use of rooting powder and moss clumps treatment has no effect on moss growth;spraying nutrient solution is beneficial to moss growth,and the effect of glucosamine nitrogen is the best,with a new branch length increment of 5.58 mm,coverage of 34.77%,plant density of 15 plants/9cm~2,and total chlorophyll content of 1.45 mg/g.(2)The statistics of the parasitism rate of aphids at different growth years show that:one-year-old moss is more conducive to aphid parasitism,with 12 aphids/9cm~2 at 140 days,and the content of eight essential amino acids for insects is 3.2 mg,accounting for 44.32%of the total content,confirming that one-year-old moss is more conducive to aphid parasitism.(3)During the collection of wild moss resources,two types of moss with similar morphological characteristics to Plagiomnium maximoviczii were found.By consulting the"Moss Flora",it was determined that the mosses were Plagiomnium vesicatum and Plagiomnium arbusculum;the observation results of aphid parasitism rate showed that:Plagiomnium vesicatum did not parasitize aphids,while the parasitism number on Plagiomnium arbusculum was close to that on Plagiomnium maximoviczii,with 8 aphids/9cm~2,and the survival rate was 47.06%,confirming that Plagiomnium arbusculum is a new type of moss suitable for aphid parasitism,providing new germplasm for the winter host of the Chinese sumac aphid. |
