| Plant functional traits refer to plant functional traits that have a certain impact on plant growth,reproduction and survival.The functional traits of wetland plants can reflect the adaptive evolution of wetland plants and the influence of environmental screening.The study of functional traits of wetland plants is of great significance to reveal the species distribution,community structure and trait variation of wetland plants and the response of environmental factors.In this study,the herbaceous plants in 78 typical wetlands in Shanxi Province were taken as the research objects,and the spatial distribution and ecological countermeasures of functional traits of wetland plants in Shanxi Province were studied through various experiments or analysis methods such as plant list arrangement,community investigation,functional trait determination and CSR countermeasure analysis.The main conclusions are as follows :(1)There are a total of 72 families,175 genera and 250 species of wetland plants in Shanxi Province.The characteristics of plant traits are as follows : dwarf plants are more distributed,ecological group are mainly hygrophytes,and root types are mainly axial root plants.The leaves of plants are diverse in shape,mostly oval,round and lanceolate.The size of leaves is mainly micro-small and extremely small.The proportion of paper plants is as high as 80 %.The leaf tip is dominated by acuminate plants,and the leaf margin is dominated by entire plants.The inflorescence type is mainly composed of the cone inflorescence in the infinite inflorescence.The initial flowering period is concentrated between April and July.The initial fruit period is 1 month later than the initial flowering period.When the flowering period and fruit period are 2-4 months,the plants are the most.The fruit type is mainly single fruit.(2)The functional traits of wetland plants were significantly correlated with altitude.The spatial distribution characteristics were as follows : the main plant functional traits were widely distributed,and other traits were affected by various factors.Plant height,leaf area,flowering and fruiting period were negatively correlated with altitude,while flowering and fruiting period were positively correlated with altitude.Dwarf plants are widely distributed,medium-height plants are concentrated in the southern region,tall plants are distributed in the northern region,ecological group distribution types are more in the southern region,and root types are more in the central and eastern regions.The long and narrow leaves are mainly distributed in the central and northern regions,and the round leaves are mainly distributed in the southern region.The plants with larger leaves are distributed in the southern region,and the leaf size types are more abundant in the central region.Leaf texture is positively correlated with latitude;the sharp leaves are mainly distributed in the southern region,and the blunt leaves are mainly distributed in the east.The serrated and dentate margins are mainly distributed in the southern region,and there are few cracked leaves in the northern region.The central region has the most phyllotaxis types.With the delay of initial flowering and fruiting period,the distribution of plants moved from south to north.As the flowering period becomes longer,the distribution of plants changes from concentration to dispersion,and the region changes from the south to the middle;as the fruit period becomes longer,the distribution of plants changes from dispersion to agglomeration,and then to dispersion.The single flower is distributed in the northern region,and there are dominant inflorescences in each region.There are many fruit types in the northern region.(3)The CSR strategy of wetland plants in Shanxi Province are mainly C strategy plants,CS strategy plants and SR strategy plants.C strategy plants showed a decreasing trend with the increase of altitude,negatively correlated with longitude,and decreased first and then increased with the increase of latitude.SR strategy plants increased with the increase of altitude and latitude.CS strategy plants gradually decreased with the increase of latitude.Both C-strategy plants and SR-strategy plants were correlated with the seasonal variation of mean annual temperature and precipitation,but the response mechanisms were completely opposite.CS strategy plants had obvious response to seasonal variation of annual precipitation and temperature.The richness was only positively correlated with SR type plants.In summary,altitude and latitude are indirect factors affecting the CSR strategy of wetland plants,and the seasonal variation of annual average temperature and precipitation is a direct factor affecting the CSR strategy of plants. |
