Investigation On The Microwave Phase Noise Influence Measurement Based On Rydberg Atomic Antenna

The precision measurement of microwave electromagnetic fields has important applications in antenna metrology,remote sensing,radar and many other fields.In recent years,quantum sensors based on Rydberg atoms are widely concerned.Compared with traditional microwave sensors,Rydberg atomic antennas have significant advantages in sensing bandwidth and sensitivity.Electric field meters based on the Rydberg atomic antenna have been used for microwave electromagnetic fields intensity measurements in the full frequency band and other measurements such as phase,polarization.This paper mainly introduces the Rydberg atomic energy level system theoretically,and experimentally studies microwave measurements based on the Rydberg atomic antenna.An overview of the thesis work is as follows:The first chapter is the introduction part,mainly introduces the research progress of microwave measurement;Moreover,Electromagnetically Induced Transparency spectroscopy,Autler-Townes spectroscopy and polarization spectroscopy in Rydberg are briefly introduced.The second chapter is the theoretical basic part,which mainly introduces the absorption of atoms in the stepped Rydberg system by the probe laser transmission spectrum and related experimental theoretical analysis.The preparation theory of Rydberg atomic states in the four-level atomic system was analyzed,the microwave sensing principle of Rydberg atom at room temperature was briefly introduced,and induced inhomogeneous broadening of thermal atoms was suppressed by an auxiliary field to manipulate Rydberg atomic state,and the interaction characteristics between atoms and microwave fields were optimized.In addition,The principle of microwave mixing based on Rydberg atoms,the influence of reference field strength and phase noise of the signal field on the mixing signal in the four-level atomic system are analyzed theoretically.We build an atomic mixer based on Rydberg atoms,and study the effect of phase noise on microwave mixing of Rydberg atomic antennas in chapter 3.We experimentally formed a stepped Rydberg-EIT system in a cesium atomic vapor cell at room temperature by 852 nm and 509 nm lasers;Microwave field frequency of 13.806 057 GHz and 13.806 000 GHz are mixed based on the Rydberg atomic electric dipole transition of under electromagnetically induced transparency spectroscopy of Rydberg atoms;The parameter dependence of the microwave mixing signal intensity was studied by Rydberg-EIT spectroscopy.The experimental results show that the microwave mixing signal intensity based on the Rydberg atomic antenna is related to the power of the reference field,the microwave mixing signals enhancement of about20 d B can be achieved in the condition of optimizing the power parameters.When the reference field manipulates the Rydberg atoms to the maximum microwave mixing efficiency,phase noise is added to the signal field.It has been found that a significant decrease in the intensity of the microwave mixing signal when phase noise is added into the signal field.Microwave measurement of the four-level Rydberg atomic system is introduced in chapter 4.The experiment demonstrates the preparation and detection of Rydberg atomic states in the four-level system.There is a induced inhomogeneous broadening effect in the atomic vapor cell when the coupling laser power is strong.An auxiliary field is introduced to manipulate the Rydberg atom,which recovering the absorption in the four-level systems.The innovation points in this thesis include:(1)Based on the microwave mixing phenomenon of Rydberg atomic antenna.The expression of microwave mixing signal intensity change measured by the probe laser after adding phase noise is theoretically analyzed;Microwave field frequency of 13.806057 GHz and 13.806 000 GHz are mixed based on the Rydberg atomic electric dipole transition of under electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT)spectroscopy of Rydberg atoms in a cesium atomic vapor cell at room temperature.The parameter dependence of the microwave mixing signal intensity was studied using Rydberg-EIT spectroscopy.(2)The preparation and detection of Rydberg atomic state is realized based on the four-level system of Rydberg atomic antenna.An auxiliary field is used to manipulate the absorption of microwave field by atoms,when the energy level broadening is caused by the strong coupling laser beam,which realizing the manipulation of Rydberg atomic quantum state.