Research On The Construction Of Rydberg Atomic Microwave Measurement System And The Improvement Of Detection Accuracy

At present,microwave technology plays an important role in many fields such as military,aerospace,medical,transportation and meteorology.In the face of complex electromagnetic environment monitoring,higher requirements are put forward for microwave technology,one of which is high-precision microwave detection.The realization of high-precision microwave detection can obtain more target information,and the microwave weapon developed on this basis is a key component of the national defense capability in the information age.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the accurate detection of microwave signals.The atomic microwave detection technology based on Rydberg atoms developed in recent years is a new physics-based technology.It directly links microwave field strength with frequency measurement through basic physical constants,and realizes the traceability of the international unit system of electromagnetic quantities.The main advantage of this new microwave measurement technology is that it does not require calibration,its theoretical measurement sensitivity is much higher than that of traditional electronic microwave measurement technology,and it can measure very weak and very strong electric fields in a large frequency range.These characteristics make the high-precision microwave detection of Rydberg atoms feasible.In this paper,the development status of Rydberg atom microwave detection device shows that the current microwave detection device is still insufficient in sensitivity,and through the significant progress of Rydberg atom in electric field detection in recent years,the great advantages of Rydberg atom in high-precision microwave detection are reflected.Then,the related characteristics of Rydberg atoms,electromagnetically induced transparency based on Rydberg atoms,and microwave electric field detection methods are introduced.The feasibility of using Rydberg atoms for high-precision microwave detection is further demonstrated.In order to realize microwave detection based on Rydberg atoms,a microwave detection platform for Rydberg atoms was built independently.In order to meet the requirements of highprecision microwave detection,the initial state calculation and selection of high-efficiency Rydberg atoms are first completed.The atomic multi-level coupling process is constructed by the system multi-channel laser synergistic coupling mechanism.By adjusting the frequency of the coupling laser,the efficient preparation of the initial states of different Rydberg atoms is completed,the efficient coupling of microwave / millimeter wave is realized,and finally the microwave detection of multiple frequency points is realized.At the same time,a design scheme of resonant cavity enhanced microwave electric field detection is proposed,and the sensitivity of microwave electric field detection is improved by 3.31 times.In this paper,the microwave detection research using Rydberg atoms reflects that Rydberg atoms have a wide range of potential applications in microwave detection.The optimization technology proposed in the experiment is also applicable to other precision measurements of Rydberg atoms,which provides a reference for promoting the development of high-precision detection technology of Rydberg atoms.