Transcriptome Sequencing And Differential Genes Expression Analysis Of Local And Migratory Pantala Flavescens

Pantala flavescens(Fabricius)is a worldwide distributed species that could use tropical convergence zone airflow for large-scale long-distance migration.During the migratory period,P.flavescens could feed on aerial plankton and many kinds of migratory pests which could control the population of migratory pests effectively.In northern China,P.flavescens makes a regular seasonal migration every year.In order to explore the molecular mechanism of migrating P.flavescens and enrich the transcriptome data of migrating P.flavescens,transcriptome sequencing was conducted on the thorax of local and migratory P.flavescens by Illumina Hiseq4000 sequencing and relevant bioinformatics analysis was performed on the obtained data.Quantitative real-time PCR was used to verify reliability of the transcriptome sequencing data.Using MISA software,SSR molecular markers were searched from the unigenes of P.flavescens.The main study findings are as follows:1.A total of 43.79 Gb of clean data,298264702 clean reads,17810 unigene sequences,and 27701 transcript sequences were obtained by transcriptome sequencing.The number of unigenes annotated in the NR,Swiss-Prot,Pfam,COG,GO,and KEGG databases is 10510,9050,9496,10076,8135,7189,respectively.2.In the comparison of local and migratory Pantala flavescens samples,a total of 523 DEGs were identified by differential gene expression analysis using the software DEseq2,including 327 genes were highly expressed in migration samples and 196 genes were highly expressed in local samples.The 327 genes highly expressed in migration samples were related to energy supply,movement,immunity,detoxification and antioxidant.The 196 genes highly expressed in local samples were related to resistance to high temperature and protein processing and folding.3.The results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the gene expression patterns of eight differentially expressed genes in local and migratory based on transcriptome sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR were consistent.4.The functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes showed that the highly expressed genes in migration samples were significantly enriched into energy supply,flight dynamics and resisting external adverse environmental stimuli.The highly expressed genes in local samples were significantly enriched into protein processing and folding,lipid transport and ribosome synthesis.5.Based on transcriptome sequencing technology,we obtained a total of 2226 SSR sites,among which the largest number was the dinucleotide repeat type,and the dinucleotide repeat unit [AT/AT] had the highest repeat frequency.We screened 15 SSR molecular markers with high polymorphism from 60 loci selected randomly.These data could provide some reference value for the study of migratory flight of other insects.In addition,SSR markers of 15 polymorphism developed in this study could be used to analyze the genetic diversity of P.flavescens in different geographic populations.