| In meteorology research,the atmospheric wind field is a crucial factor.Spaceborne Doppler wind lidars have been widely used to achieve large-scale,high-precision,and uninterrupted wind field measurements.This has important implications for improving the accuracy of numerical weather forecasting,conducting climate research,and protecting the environment.Over the past 30 years,various organizations have continuously advanced research on spaceborne wind lidars.Aeolus is currently the only successfully launched spaceborne wind observation satellite.China has also begun developing spaceborne Doppler wind lidars.At present,China is in the development phase of spaceborne Doppler wind lidars.This study refers to the design principles and existing problems of the single-payload ALDIN of Aeolus and combines the current domestic research status to design an optimized spaceborne wind measurement scheme and conduct simulation and emulation.The simulation results show that the optimized scheme can achieve wind measurement accuracy requirements of less than 2 m/s below 2 km,less than 2.5 m/s between 2-16 km,and less than 5 m/s between 16-30 km,with a corresponding horizontal resolution of about 50 km after accumulating 700 pulses.First,the optimized simulation model was compared and verified to ensure its reliability.Then,the study analyzed the influence of pressure and temperature on spaceborne wind measurement results.The results show that the wind speed will change by the range of0.00021-0.00189 m/s every time the pressure changes by 1 h Pa,while the wind speed will change by the range of 0.015-0.018 m/s every time the temperature changes by 1K.The influence of temperature on wind measurement is about 1-2 orders of magnitude greater than the influence of pressure.After conducting case studies,it was confirmed that temperature correction is crucial for the accuracy of spaceborne wind measurement data.The results of this study can provide references for future spaceborne wind measurement schemes in China.To verify the data quality of Aeolus in the Chinese region and provide references for possible error sources in future spaceborne wind measurement,Dunhuang Station,Nanjing Station,and Guilin Station were selected for comparison and verification of sounding data and ERA reanalysis data from June to December 2021 and May to October 2022.The results show that the data quality of Aeolus is generally good,with correlation coefficients between the datasets exceeding 0.9.At the same time,the data error has seasonal variation characteristics.Through comparative analysis,it was found that this phenomenon is caused by the difference between the wind direction of the real wind field in summer and the angle range between the horizontal line of sight wind speed and wind direction detected by Aeolus,which is mostly within a certain range.This reduces the contribution of the real wind field in the horizontal line of sight direction,leading to a decrease in Aeolus data quality.However,overall,the data quality of Aeolus in the Chinese region is reliable. |
