| With the rapid development of society,the increasing number of people,and the gradual expansion of human activities,many problems have emerged in the ecosystem.For example,the loss of ecological functions,the disorder of ecological structure,and the decline of the supply capacity of ecosystem services.With the development of the economy,the demand for ecosystem services is increasing,and the imbalance between the supply and demand of ecosystem services,and the contradiction between supply and demand are becoming increasingly serious.It is of great significance to study the supply and demand of regional ecosystem services and protect regional ecological security to improve human happiness and well-being.In recent years,the research on the driving force of ecosystem services has gradually become a research hotspot in this field,but there are few types of research on the driving force of ecosystem services supply and demand.Therefore,this paper quantitatively evaluates the supply and demand of four important ecosystem services in the Dongjiang River Basin and analyzes the quantitative relationship,spatial matching relationship,and driving force between supply and demand,to further provide effective theoretical support and scientific basis for the sustainable development of the watershed ecosystem.In this paper,the Dongjiang River Basin is taken as the study area.Based on the quantitative analysis and spatial mapping methods such as ArcGIS software,InVEST model,Geo DA software,and CANOCO software,the supply and demand services of typical ecosystem services(water production,food supply,soil conservation,and carbon storage)in the basin are quantitatively analyzed.Combined with the equation of ecosystem service supply and demand ratio and the methods of bivariate local spatial autocorrelation,the quantitative relationship and spatial matching relationship among the four services were clarified,and master the driving factors affecting the balance of ecosystem service supply and demand in the Dongjiang River basin.The main conclusions were as follows:(1)In the Dongjiang River Basin,the total supply of annual water service was 27.77×10~9 m~3,the total supply of food was 2.02×10~8 t,the total supply of soil conservation service was 1.01×10~9t,and the total supply of carbon storage service was 3.40×10~8 t.The total demand for water production service was 10.75×10~9 m~3,the total demand for food supply service was 7.07×10~8 t,the total demand for soil conservation service was 1.32×10~8 t,and the total demand for carbon storage service was 4.43×10~7 t.The total supply of water production service,soil conservation service,and carbon storage service was greater than the total demand,while the total supply of food supply service was less than the total demand.(2)In terms of the quantity balance and spatial matching of ecosystem service supply and demand in Dongjiang River Basin in 2020,the supply and demand ratios of water production service,food supply service,soil conservation service,and carbon storage service were 0.639,-0.041,0.123and 0.011,respectively.The supply and demand ratio of the water production service was the largest,while the supply and demand ratio of the food supply service was the smallest.(3)There were four types of spatial matching between the supply and demand of ecosystem services in the Dongjiang River Basin,including high-high spatial matching,low-low spatial matching,low-high spatial misalignment,and high-low spatial misalignment.The spatial distribution pattern of different services was different.(4)The spatial heterogeneity of ecosystem service supply and demand in the Dongjiang River Basin was mainly caused by the combined effects of average annual temperature,total population at the end of the year,urbanization rate,and gross domestic product(GDP).It shows that the balance of supply and demand of ecosystem services in the Dongjiang River Basin was driven by natural factors,population factors,and economic factors. |
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