Research On The Influence And Optimization Of Water Space On The Rural Microclimate Environment

Rural community planning is one of the important topics to improve the rural living environment and realize rural revitalization.In the process of modernization of villages and towns,there are still many problems to be solved in the aspect of living environment,especially about the comfort of microclimate environment.As a common outdoor public space of villages and towns in the south of the Yangtze River,water space is an important part and controllable element in the planning and renewal of villages and towns.At the same time,the physical characteristics of water body different from land would have an irreplaceable regulatory effect on the microclimate environment.Therefore,it is urgent to focus on the complexity of water space form and the particularity of microclimate environment in villages and towns,and carry out relevant research aimed at improving the microclimate environment of villages and towns.The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of water space on the microclimate environment of rural communities,and to seek the best planning form of water space with the goal of improving the thermal comfort performance of rural communities.Firstly,through the methods of satellite images,drawing data and on-site mapping,this paper investigates the spatial form of 30 natural villages and towns in five central towns of Yixing,and summarizes the basic spatial types of typical villages and towns in Yixing.By means of qualitative classification,the spatial pattern of villages and towns is classified into I-shape crossing layout,cross-shape,T-shape and L-shape crossing layout,parallel crossing layout and mixed layout.By means of quantitative clustering,the water body capacity characteristics of the sample villages and towns are summarized into the width of 12 m,15m,23 m,35m and 45 m and the corresponding water rate.At the same time,the evaluation method of microclimate environment in villages and towns is constructed,and the outdoor microclimate characteristics of villages and towns are summarized.The microclimate environment evaluation of villages and towns is divided into thermal environment evaluation,wind environment evaluation and thermal comfort evaluation.A comprehensive thermal comfort evaluation index based on time dimension and space dimension is proposed.Through the field measurement of outdoor microclimate in typical villages and towns,the characteristics of microclimate environment under different seasonal climate conditions and the differences of microclimate environment in different spatial types are analyzed to provide data support for follow-up research.Secondly,on the premise of ensuring the validity of the simulation data,Envi-met software is used to simulate the microclimate conditions of typical villages and towns with and without water in winter and summer,and the basic parameters related to the evaluation of thermal environment,wind environment and thermal comfort are obtained.Through the research on the difference of microclimate parameters with and without water,the influence of water on air temperature,relative humidity,wind speed,wind direction and thermal comfort index in villages and towns is analyzed,and the basic characteristics of microclimate effect of water are summarized.At the same time,using the microclimate simulation data and the geospatial information of villages and towns,the cooling quantitative values of water body for air temperature and thermal comfort indexes,the simulated boundary meteorological parameters,and the spatial form element indexes of villages and towns in different radius ranges are counted.Through correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis,the action law of boundary meteorological elements and rural spatial form elements on water microclimate cooling effect is revealed,so as to guide the regulation of rural spatial form based on water microclimate effect.Finally,based on the basic spatial morphological characteristics of typical water villages and towns in Yixing,aiming at the water capacity,water layout,water state and embankment vegetation,this paper establishes different types of water spatial models for optimization test,and obtains the water spatial pattern types with better thermal comfort performance through Envi-met software simulation and microclimate environment evaluation.Besides,combined with the research on the influencing factors of water microclimate effect,this paper puts forward the optimization strategy of water spatial pattern in villages and towns based on thermal comfort from the planning and design level.The results show that the application of optimization strategy can greatly improve the thermal comfort performance of Xiwang on typical meteorological days in summer,and increase the cumulative value of comfort space ratio in winter and summer by about 0.366.This study can provide designers with guidance on the optimization design of outdoor thermal comfort performance of rural communities in Yixing,even in southern Jiangsu and other hot summer and cold winter areas.It has important value and scientific significance for improving the living environment,reducing energy consumption,and the scientific and refined development of rural community planning and architectural design.