| As a preventive biological product for human vaccination,vaccine plays a role in preventing the spread of epidemic diseases.Generally,in order to ensure the quality of vaccine,vaccine transportation is generally undertaken by professional cold chain logistics service providers,equipped with professional cold chain service facilities to ensure the whole process supervision of vaccine cold chain transportation and avoid cold chain disconnection.Faced with the difficulties of weak supervision of vaccine cold chain and difficult traceability,all parties are actively exploring the application of intelligent technology in this field.This paper studies the introduction of blockchain technology into the vaccine cold chain mechanism,so as to realize the traceability and supervision of the whole vaccine process,and establish an intelligent and safe vaccine cold chain mechanism.Based on the above mechanism,in order to verify the feasibility of the mechanism,a three-level supply chain subsidy incentive model composed of vaccine manufacturers,designated hospitals and third-party cold chain logistics service providers is established.Operations research,Stackelberg game,MATLAB simulation and other methods are used in the research process.Firstly,we establish centralized decision-making and decentralized decision-making models without government subsidies.Under centralized decision-making,we can achieve the optimal profit of the supply chain.In order to optimize the profit under decentralized decision-making,the supply chain coordination is realized by introducing the combined contract of"revenue sharing+cost sharing+quantity discount".Secondly,on the original conditions,this paper studies the incentive effect of introducing government subsidies as external variables on the three-level supply chain.The decision-making models of government subsidized vaccine manufacturers,subsidized designated hospitals,subsidized logistics providers and subsidized consumers are established respectively.The size of each decision-making quantity under different subsidy modes is analyzed to find the Optimal Subsidy mode.An example is analyzed by MATLAB to verify the conclusion.The conclusions are as follows:（1）without the introduction of government subsidies,by introducing the"revenue sharing+cost sharing+quantity discount"portfolio contract,the revenue under decentralized decision-making can be improved to the optimal level of centralized decision-making.（2）the introduction of government subsidies as external variables can realize supply chain incentive.（3）In the case of supply chain information sharing,the incentive effect of subsidized vaccine manufacturers is the same as that of subsidized designated hospitals.（4）Comparing the three different subsidy methods,the service level of cold chain facilities is the highest when the third-party cold chain logistics provider is subsidized;when k2t 02＜bφ,it indicates that the sensitivity of market demand to the level of cold chain facilities is lower than the price sensitivity coefficient,and the government gives priority to subsidizing designated hospitals.When the vaccine price is high and consumers are more sensitive to government subsidies,consumers can give priority to subsidizing consumers.Therefore,in the process of promoting the application of the cold chain mechanism of intelligent safety vaccine,we can increase the government subsidy support and select the appropriate subsidy scheme according to the actual situation,so as to achieve the best incentive effect. |
