Simulation Research On Three-dimensional Characteristics And Coupling Mechanism Of Underwater Target Weak Electric Field

Underwater target weak electric field detection technology is helpful to enhance China’s ocean development,which improves the performance of underwater detection equipment and the development of marine national defense construction,and has a good development prospect in the future.This thesis is based on the scientific research project "Key technical issues for the weak electric field coupling distribution characteristics of underwater targets".According to the coupling mechanism of underwater weak electric field target,the thesis comes up with an underwater target weak electric field coupling distribution model,explores the laws of underwater weak electric field detection targets and provides theoretical basis and technical support for the development of underwater target weak electric field detection equipment.First of all,based on the basic theory of electromagnetic field and the detection principle of weak electric fish electric field,the propagation characteristics of the electric dipole antenna model are analyzed,and the mathematical model of weak electric field coupling of underwater targets is established.It is considered that perturbation of the underwater weak electric field by the target is equivalent to the electric anomaly of the secondary excited electric dipole.The study on electric field detection characteristics of underwater target is carried on by analyzing the relevant weak electric field change information.Secondly,a two-dimensional planar underwater target weak electric field coupling simulation model is proposed,starting from the three aspects of the target,electric field,and different model scenarios.The factors that may cause the change of the electric field are simulated and analyzed.Though judging distortion degree of electric field by calculating the potential difference whether there is a target,the influence of different factors on the electric field is explored,the coupling characteristics of the weak electric field of underwater targets is analyzed.Then,three-dimensional underwater target weak electric field coupling model was established for the air-seawater-seabed three-layer media scene,and the disturbance of the electric field by different characteristics of the underwater single target was analyzed.The coupling law of the underwater weak electric field when multiple targets exist,the influence of different seawater layers on the detection of the underwater weak electric field is analyzed,and the specifications of the transmitting electrode,the selection of materials and the detection of multi-electrodes are simulated,which theoretically improves the ability to detect targets using underwater weak electric fields.Finally,based on the above theory and simulation results,the self-developed underwater target weak electric field detection platform was used to carry out related experiments and tests,which verified the correctness of the underwater target coupling simulation analysis results based on weak electric field,and preliminarily verified the effectiveness that uses the underwater weak electric field detection method.