Research On Underwater Active Electric Field Detection System Based On Multi-electrode

Underwater active electric field detection technology can be applied to the fields of unexploded object positioning,underwater pipeline detection,and seabed detection.This technology has been valued by researchers from various countries and has broad development space.Underwater active electric field detection technology is based on the principle of weak electric fish perceiving the surrounding environment,by imitating the weak electric fish to form an electric field in the water,and then using the receiving device to obtain the disturbance signal of the electric field to realize underwater detection and positioning.Using this method for underwater detection and positioning can greatly reduce the requirements of detection for the underwater environment,and the detection system has a simple structure and is easy to implement.This dissertation studies the underwater active electric field detection technology,and designs and implements the underwater active electric field detection system.This dissertation establishes an underwater quasi-static electric field physical model based on Maxwell's electromagnetic field theory.First,it analyzes the principle of passive positioning,and then derives a simplified equivalent of the Rasnow model to derive an underwater electric field active positioning model,and theoretically analyzes the disturbance of metal conductors to the active electric field in the water.influences.Through formula derivation and analysis,the mathematical relationship between the position of the target object and the electric field disturbance is obtained,so that the problem of underwater active electric field positioning is transformed into the problem of finding the minimum objective function.Then use the CST simulation software to simulate and analyze the underwater active electric field positioning model,simulate the characteristic curve of the underwater metal conductor to the active electric field disturbance,analyze the electric field intensity change curve and the target position relationship,and obtain the corresponding relationship between the peak value of the electric field curve and the target position.It analyzes the influence of the different distribution positions of the electric dipole source and the receiving antenna on the peak position,and concludes that when the receiving electrode is on the zero potential surface of the electric field,it is most suitable for positioning detection.This receiving antenna method is ideal.The MP-MUSIC algorithm is applied to the underwater active electric field positioning,and the positioning function is realized by finding the global optimal solution.The algorithm is simulated and analyzed,and the influence of the distribution position of the receiving electrode of the detection system on the positioning accuracy of the underwater active electric field is explored.After comparison,it is found that the detection accuracy of the three-dimensional distributed electrode arrangement is relatively high.A method of dividing the search space into a grid is proposed.The step search method can reduce the calculation amount of the traditional point-by-point scanning method and increase the calculation speed.In order to better realize the fast search for positioning,the particle swarm algorithm is combined with the MP-MUSIC algorithm to improve the fast search performance.Introduce natural selection PSO algorithm,hybrid PSO algorithm and simulated annealing PSO algorithm,and compare and analyze the calculation speed and positioning accuracy of the three algorithms.Natural selection PSO is conducive to faster convergence,hybrid PSO and simulated annealing PSO are conducive to jumping out of local extremes and making positioning more accurate,but the simulated annealing algorithm is unstable,so natural selection and hybridization are combined with particle swarm algorithm Optimized and improved the learning factor of the natural selection-hybrid PSO algorithm,which improved the calculation speed and positioning accuracy of the positioning algorithm.Finally,the hardware platform of the underwater active electric field detection system is designed and tested in a laboratory environment to verify the effectiveness of the underwater active electric field detection system's positioning and detection.