Effects Of Rice And Wheat Straw Bedding In Furrow On Leaf Vegetable Yield Quality And Soil Physicochemical Properties In The Facility

In order to pursue the economic benefit and yield of cultivated land,continuous cropping of facilities and open land is common,and a series of continuous cropping obstacles such as secondary salinization,aggravation of soil-borne diseases and nutrient imbalance appear in the soil of facilities.Studies have shown that wet and dry crop rotation combined with straw mulching can effectively alleviate soil salinization,but the planting area of wet vegetables is limited,and it is difficult to apply them on a large scale in production.In this study,seedling-type Chinese cabbage ’fast cabbage’(Brassica rapa L.ssp.Pekinens)and ’Beta’ cabbage(Brassica oleracea L.)were used as seedlings to investigate the changes of soil salinity in soil layers after overfertilization.Celery(Apium graveolens L.)which requires a large amount of water during growth,was selected on the basis of previous laboratory tests in this experiment,and different amounts of straw were placed in longitudinal furrow to seek the best coverage.Straw decomposition bacteria can accelerate straw decomposition.In order to better understand the decomposition effect of rice straw and wheat straw after application of straw decomposition bacteria and the optimal amount of straw decomposition bacteria,straw decomposition bacteria tests are carried out in lateral furrow to compare the influence of straw decomposition bacteria on straw decomposition rate,nutrient release rate in straw and soil salinization mitigation effect.The results are as follows:1.The effects of different amounts of base fertilizer,different amounts of topdressing and no fertilization on the yield of seedling-type Chinese cabbage ’fast cabbage’ and ’Beta’ cabbage,EC value,nitrate content and nitrate content in different soil layers were studied.The results showed that the over-fertilization treatment of ’fast cabbage’ increased the yield by 14.91%,31.69%and 45.01%compared with the normal topdressing in different topdressing experiments.In the test of different dosage of base fertilizer,the overfertilization treatment of ’beta’ cabbage increased the yield by 24.75%,41.11%and 51.73%compared with the normal top dressing.But the soil EC value of excessive fertilization treatment was higher than that before sowing after harvest,and the increase range was as follows:0-10 cm soil layer>0-10 cm soil layer>10-20 cm soil layer on furrow surface,and the higher the fertilization amount,the higher the EC value and soil nitrate nitrogen content.In the test without applying any fertilizer,the yield of ’Beta’ cabbage decreased significantly compared with the previous stubble,the yield decreased sharply,but the soil salt content after harvesting in the soil layer of 10-20 cm and 0-10 cm of furrow was still higher than that before sowing,and reducing the application of chemical fertilizer could not alleviate soil salinization.2.Celery was planted in spring and summer and 500 kg,750 kg and 1000 kg of rice straw per 667 m2 was laid in the longitudinal furrow:the decomposition rates of the three treatments reached 82.53%,71.83%and 64.8%,respectively,after 129 days;Compared with the control,the yield increased by 5.72%,8.94%and 10.86%,respectively.The contents of total phosphorus and total potassium were higher than those of the control.The nitrate nitrogen content of soil after planting decreased by a greater rate than that of the control,while the soil organic carbon content increased compared with the control.The straw decomposition bacteria test was carried out in the horizontal furrow,using the straw decomposition bacteria sprinkled 2 kg,3 kg and 4 kg of straw decomposition bacteria per 667 m2 of rice straw after laying 1000kg,respectively,and without applying straw decomposing bacteria,the decomposition rate of straw in each treatment increased by 15.16%～21.35%compared with the control.Among them,the organic carbon content of 4 kg/667 m2 treatment was significantly higher than that of other treatments and controls,and the soil nitrate nitrogen content decreased the most than before planting,and the decomposition effect and alleviation of soil salinization were the best.3.Celery was planted in summer and autumn and covered with wheat straw at 500 kg,750 kg and 1000 kg per 667m2 in the longitudinal furrow,and the decomposition rates of the three treatments reached 91.38%,90.65%and 82.50%,respectively,and the yield increased by 7.54%,9.23%and 11.74%respectively compared with the control.The total phosphorus and potassium contents of the treated plants were higher than those of the control,and the nutrient content of the plants was increased,and the quality of the plants was also improved to varying degrees.The nitrate nitrogen content of soil after planting in furrow and furrow treatment decreased compared with that before planting,and increased after control planting compared with pre-planting.After the application of straw decomposition bacteria,the straw decomposition rate reached up to 95.49%,the straw decomposition rate increased by 7.42%～12.91%compared with the control,and the soil organic carbon content was increased to varying degrees compared with the control soil layer 0～20cm on the surface.