Quantum Image Processing Algorithm Based On IBM Qiskit And Its Simulation

With the continuous development of science and technology,the amount of computing data in the information society increases rapidly.At the same time,according to Moore’s Law,the internal integration of computer chips is becoming higher and higher.Integrated chips are affected by the upper limit of "size effect" and "heat consumption effect".With the superposition of quantum states,entanglement and the properties of measurement collapse,quantum computing may provide new computational ideas for the progress of future science and technology.Digital images contain a lot of information and are widely available on the Internet,so image processing technology has developed rapidly in recent years.Quantum image processing technology is a new field combining quantum computing and classical image processing.Its purpose is to extend the traditional image processing tasks and methods to the framework of quantum computing technology.Quantum image processing technology achieves the change and operation of quantum image through the evolution of quantum system.Quantum image has the characteristics of parallel computing and high security.Quantum image processing technology can be roughly divided into two categories: one is to complete the processing and processing of classical digital images by using the properties of quantum mechanics;The second is to design and study the image processing scheme in quantum computer.The quantum image processing technology has the characteristics of parallel computation and security of quantum system,which cannot be achieved by traditional image processing.At present,there are still many difficulties in the physical implementation of quantum image processing algorithms.Qiskit quantum software development kit designed by IBM speeds up the development of quantum applications by providing a full set of tools required for interaction with quantum systems and simulators,and realizes the simulation analysis of quantum image processing algorithms.According to the above two types of quantum image processing technologies,the main research in this paper is conducted by using IBM Qiskit quantum algorithm development tool as follows:1.To solve the security problem of grayscale digital image,a grayscale image encryption scheme based on alternating quantum random walk and discrete cosine transform is proposed.The probability distribution sequence generated by quantum random walk has the random character,which can be used to encrypt information.Firstly,alternate quantum random walk and XOR operation are used to preprocess spatial images.Then,two random phase masks are generated by alternating quantum random walk.The first random phase mask is applied to the preprocessed image,and the second one is applied to the image undergoing DCT.Finally,the discrete cosine inverse conversion method is used to obtain the encrypted image.In the encryption and decryption process,the controllable parameters of alternating quantum random walk can replace the random phase mask as the key,which is convenient for key management and transmission.2.A color image encryption scheme based on alternating quantum random walk and Rubik’s cube theory is proposed to solve the encryption problem of color digital images.Firstly,the color image is split into three-channel pixel matrix,and the random probability distribution matrix is generated by quantum random walking of quantum states.Then,the following scrambling operations are performed on each channel pixel matrix: one row and one column of the probability matrix are randomly selected as encryption keys,and the maximum number of iterations is determined.The idea of circular shift in Rubik’s cube theory is used to scramble the pixel matrix for the first time.The updated key is flipped 180° from left to right to perform bitwise XOR operation with odd rows,odd columns,even rows and even columns in the pixel matrix,so as to perform the second scrambling.Repeat the previous two steps until the maximum number of iterations is reached.Finally,the scrambled image is obtained by combining the scrambled pixel matrix of the three channels.The parameters of alternating quantum random walk can be used as the key of rubik’s cube’s circular displacement operation.3.According to the demand of fast extraction of image edges in quantum images,a scheme of edge feature extraction of quantum images based on improved Sobel operator is proposed.Edge detection is an important problem in traditional image processing.Image edge detection algorithm can filter image edge features and retain important attributes.Firstly,an improved eight-direction Sobel operator is used to further improve the accuracy of edge detection.Then,a novel enhanced quantum image representation(NEQR)is used to store quantum images.Finally,a quantum circuit is designed according to the improved gradient operation flow of Sobel operator to realize edge detection of quantum images.Experimental simulation shows that the scheme provides an effective idea for edge extraction of quantum image.There are still many difficulties in the physical realization of quantum image processing technology,and the research of quantum image processing algorithm is still in its infancy.IBM has developed Q Experience quantum cloud platform and Qiskit quantum program development package to promote future quantum education services and provide platform support for the realization of more quantum image processing algorithms.This paper aims at using the Qiskit quantum program development tool to complete the processing of classical digital images using the characteristics of quantum mechanics;Design image processing scheme in quantum computer.This paper uses the quantum image processing technology to complete the gray and color image encryption scheme and the quantum image edge detection technology,which is of great significance to promote the research of the quantum image processing algorithm.