Study On Quantum Color Image Encryption System Based On Alternating Quantum Walk

Quantum computing is different from traditional mathematical operations.It follows the basic principles of quantum mechanics,including a model for calculating data developed from the characteristics of quantum entanglement and quantum superposition.Quantum computing manipulates qubits composed of microscopic particles.Using quantum characteristics as computing logic,it has the powerful parallel computing ability that traditional computers do not have.As an important exploration direction for the leap-forward development of computer computing power in the future,the computing logic of quantum computers makes it have great potential to solve some current unsolvable problems.In 1994,Shor creatively proposed a quantum version of the large number factorization method,which reduced the complexity from O(N)to 1/ 2O(N).After that,based on previous studies,Grove proposed a quantum fast search algorithm,which reduced the complexity from the exponential level of the classical algorithm to the polynomial level.In the field of data encryption and decryption,quantum computing also shows strong capabilities.For example,RSA encryption system uses traditional computers for deciphering.It takes about 100,000 years for medium-sized passwords to be difficult,and quantum computers of the same size are used to complete this scale of operations.In theory,it takes only a few seconds.Quantum computing is expected to provide a potential solution to the problem of insufficient computing power encountered in the fields of intelligent logistics,password cracking,artificial intelligence,weather forecasting,drug design,and information security.This paper mainly includes three parts of innovation.Firstly,a controlled ultra-dense coding based on three qubits of Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger(GHZ)state is proposed.Through a series of unitary transformations,ultra-dense coding is realized.Secondly,on this basis,CSS code is introduced to correct the error of the proposed ultra-dense coding scheme in two typical noise environments.Thirdly,a quantum color image encryption system using alternating quantum random walk as key generator to encrypt color quantum images is proposed.We first use the chaotic characteristics of alternating quantum random walk to walk a certain number of steps to generate a probability matrix,and then perform XOR processing on the quantum image to complete the scrambling encryption of the quantum image.Firstly,the controlled ultra-dense coding communication protocol based on GHZ state three-qubit anti-noise is studied.In this paper,we first discuss two noise environment models(bit flip and phase flip).Then,we introduce the GHZ state three qubits,which are three particles in the maximum superposition state,and they are also entangled states.For the operation of one of the particles,the state of the other two particles will be changed.One of the particles is in the hands of the sender,and the other two particles are in the hands of the receiver.The receiver uses the CSS code to correct the received particles,and realizes the ultra-dense coding in the noise environment.The throughput efficiency and security are analyzed.The results show that the throughput efficiency is 1 / 3P.where P is the probability that the receiver successfully receives the information.Secondly,in order to expand the application field of quantum computing,we apply it to the field of image processing on the basis of quantum communication and quantum computing.A color quantum image encryption system based on alternating quantum random walk is proposed.Firstly,the color image is split into three channels.Then,based on the operability and other factors,we use the color quantum image representation to represent the original color image,and design the quantum image storage circuit according to the pixel distribution of the original image,so that it can be stored on the quantum computer.At this time,we get | IM.Then,according to the key parameters agreed in advance by the communication parties,a two-dimensional discrete quantum random walk with a certain number of steps is carried out to obtain a probability matrix,and a quantum XOR operation matrix is generated accordingly,which is applied to | IM to obtain the encrypted quantum image | M M.We also construct the XOR operation quantum circuit of two quantum images.The decryption process is the inverse process of the encryption process.Since the communication parties have previously determined the key generation method of alternating quantum random walk,the two parties will obtain the same probability matrix and decrypt it.The initial parameters of Quantum Random Walk(AQW)are the key to ensure the security of the system.We also simulated the idea of this scheme on the classical computer,and got the encryption and decryption effect diagram,which showed the good performance of the system.Through the analysis of the simulation results,it is proved that the encryption model has good robustness and anti-attack ability.