Effect Of Lactobacillus Plantarum ZDY2013 On Alleviating Kidney Injury Induced By High Salt Diet And Preparation Of Probiotics

Metabolic diseases caused by high salt diet(HSD)are becoming a major public health problem worldwide.Studies have confirmed that excessive salt intake can lead to increased health risks of autoimmune diseases,intestinal diseases,metabolic diseases,cancer and other diseases.HSD is thought to cause kidney damage,but there is no good treatment for it.ZDY2013(CCTCC M2014170)is a Lactobacillus plantarum screened from self-made fermented soybean.In previous experiments,the research team found that it can improve intestinal microecology,promote intestinal health,and have the ability to resist oxidation and inhibit inflammation.Therefore,in this study,a mouse model of high-salt diet was established,and Lactobacillus plantarum ZDY2013(L.plantarum ZDY2013)was administered orally to detect its ability of alleviating high-salt diet-related kidney injury,and explain the possible mechanism of alleviating kidney injury.Meanwhile,L.plantarum ZDY2013 was used to prepare probiotics with Lycium barbarum L.The paper is divided into five chapters.The first chapter is the introduction,the high salt diet,probiotics and microecological are described.In chapter 2,the alleviating effect of L.plantarum ZDY2013 on body injury induced by HSD was detected.Firstly,a mouse model induced by a long-term high-salt diet was established,and the mice were treated with L.plantarum ZDY2013 by gavage.At the end of modeling,the body damage of mice caused by HSD was analyzed,and the alleviating effect of L.plantarum ZDY2013 on tissue damage induced by HSD was detected.The results showed that HSD induced changes in the expression of intestinal inflammatory factors,disrupted the intestinal barrier and increased intestinal permeability in mice.Meanwhile,HSD led to kidney inflammation and fibrosis in the mice.After treatment with L.plantarum ZDY2013,intestinal inflammation was relieved,the intestinal barrier was repaired,and the degree of kidney inflammation and fibrosis was reduced in mice.In chapter 3,the mechanism of L.plantarum ZDY2013 on alleviating body injury induced by HSD was studied.Serum untargeted metabolomics and 16 S r DNA high-throughput sequencing techniques were used.The results showed that HSD led to the changes of intestinal flora,increased the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroides,increased the relative abundance of Desulfosporosinus,Rhodanobacter,Bacteroides and Prevotella in intestinal flora,and decreased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium.At the same time,HSD induced changes in serum metabolites,which increased the concentration of toxic metabolites[Tetrahydrocorticosteron(THB),3-methylhistidine(3-MH),creatinine,urea and L-kynurenine] and decreased the concentration of beneficial metabolites(IAA,ILA,IPA and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid).After treatment with L.plantarum ZDY2013,the intestinal flora of mice was reconstructed.The relative abundance of Desulfosporosinus,Rhodanobacter,Bacteroides and Prevotella in the intestine were reduced significantly,while the relative abundance of Lactobacillus,Bifidobacterium and Butyricicoccus were increased significantly(p<0.05).At the same time,the concentration of toxic metabolites [Tetrahydrocorticosteron(THB),3-methylhistidine(3-MH),creatinine,urea and L-kynurenine] was decreased and beneficial metabolites(IAA,ILA,IPA and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid)were increased in serum.Through Spearman correlation analysis,we found that Desulfosporosinus,Rhodanobacter,Bacteroides and Prevotella have a significant positive correlation with toxic metabolites;Lactobacillus,Bifidobacterium and Butyricicoccus are significantly positively correlated with beneficial metabolism.Therefore,L.plantarum ZDY2013 may increase the accumulation of beneficial metabolites and reduce the accumulation of toxic metabolites in serum by regulating the structure of intestinal flora,thus alleviating kidney injury.In chapter 4,Lycium barbarum L.probiotics with high survival rate of L.plantarum ZDY2013 were prepared.In the preparation of probiotics,Design Expert10 software was used to design a single factor test to predict the optimal proportion of lyophilized protective agent.After the preparation of probiotics was treated in artificial simulated gastric and intestinal fluid,the survival rate of L.plantarum ZDY2013 was calculated.The results showed that the survival rate of L.plantarum ZDY2013 was 89.805%,when the ratio of skim milk 17.846%,trehalose 2% and glycerol 1.645%.After 4 hours of artificial simulated gastric and intestinal fluid treatment,the survival rate of L.plantarum ZDY2013 could still reach 71.67%.In chapter 5,L.plantarum ZDY2013 alleviates body damage caused by HSD by regulating intestinal flora and metabolism,and the preparation of Lycium barbarum L.probiotics are summarized.At the same time,the future research is prospected.This paper studied the mechanism of L.plantarum ZDY2013 in alleviating kidney injury induced by HSD.It provides data support and theoretical basis for probiotics assisted intervention to alleviate kidney injury.