Study On Trust-based Secure Clustering Routing Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks(WSNs)are composed of a large number of nodes with the characteristics of low price,low power consumption and miniaturization.The nodes are responsible for collecting relevant data in the target area and transmitting the data to the Sink(base station)in a single hop or multi hop manner.In recent years,WSNs have been widely used in aerospace,industry,home,battlefield and many other fields.Usually,WSNs are deployed in harsh environment or unattended area,which makes its routing protocol vulnerable to various attacks.Therefore,secure routing protocols have become one of the hotspots of WSNs research.In order to improve the security performance of WSNs routing,the security mechanism based on cryptography and authentication is usually adopted.However,these mechanisms can not resist the internal attacks of the network,and the prerequisite for implementing these schemes is that the nodes are cooperative and completely reliable.In addition,they have high computational and storage complexity and high energy overhead.Therefore,trust based security mechanism is proposed to solve the above problems.This paper studies the secure routing protocol of WSNs from two aspects: the establishment of trust model and the selection of optimal path,in order to enhance the security of the network,resist a variety of attacks and reduce network energy consumption.The specific contents include:(1)A trust-aware secure routing protocol(TSRP)for wireless sensor networks is proposed in this paper to defend against varieties of attacks.First,each node calculates the comprehensive trust values of its neighbors based on direct trust value,indirect trust value,volatilization factor,and residual energy to defend against black hole,selective forwarding,hello flood,and sinkhole attacks.Second,any source node that needs to send data forwards a routing request packet to its neighbors in multi-path mode,and this continues until the sink at the end is reached.Finally,the sink finds the optimal path based on the path's comprehensive trust values,transmission distance,and hop count by analyzing the received packets.Simulation results show that TSRP has lower network latency,smaller packet loss and lower average network energy consumption compared to on-demand routing AODV(ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing)protocol and TSRP(trust-based secure routing protocols).(2)In order to further improve the security of the network,reduce the energy consumption and enhance the expansion of the network,a new trust based secure and energy efficient routing protocol(TBSEER)for wireless sensor networks is proposed.TBSEER still uses the triple trust structure of direct trust value,indirect trust value and energy trust value to construct a comprehensive trust model.To quickly identify malicious nodes,adaptive penalty mechanism and volatilization factor are designed in constructing the direct trust value.In addition,nodes only need to calculate the direct trust value,while the indirect trust value to their neighbors is calculated by Sink.Finally,the cluster head finds the safest multi-hop route based on the comprehensive trust value,thus proactively avoiding wormhole attacks.Simulation results show that compared with TSSRM(Research on Trust Sensing Based Secure Routing Mechanism for Wireless Sensor Network)and TESRP(A Secure Routing Protocol with Trust and Energy Awareness for Wireless Sensor Network),TBSEER reduces network energy consumption,speeds up the identification of malicious nodes,and can effectively resist common routing attacks.(3)In order to resist both common routing attacks and special trust attacks,and to optimize the selection of secure and energy-efficient routes,an energy-aware and trust-based secure routing protocol for wireless sensor networks using adaptive genetic algorithm(TAGA)is proposed.To this end,TAGA constructs the nodes' comprehensive trust values based on their direct trust values(considering volatility and adaptive penalty factors)and indirect trust values(using a filtering mechanism).In addition,a new threshold function is proposed to select the optimal cluster head,which considers the dynamic relationship between the node's comprehensive trust value and the remaining energy.Finally,an adaptive algorithm with adaptive crossover and variation probability is used to find the optimal secure route for cluster heads.Simulation results show that TAGA can reduce the number of packets discarded by malicious nodes when launching common routing attacks and special trust attacks,and effectively improve energy efficiency.This paper combines the improved trust evaluation mechanism and routing algorithm to find a safe and energy-saving routing path,which can effectively resist a variety of network attacks such as black hole,selective forwarding and trust attacks,so as to improve the security and reduce the energy consumption.It provides a reference for the research of secure routing protocol in WSNs based on trust mechanism,and provides a security guarantee for the wide application of WSNs.