The Moderating Mechanism Of Self Efficacy And Risk Perception On Knowledge Gap

With the emergence and expansion of COVID-19,this issue has attracted attention and discussion in the academic community,especially in rural areas with diverse and complex population levels and poor educational conditions.This article is based on the classic knowledge gap hypothesis theory,supported by the conditional motivation model theory in the knowledge gap,and studies the problem of knowledge gap from the motivation level.Starting from observations,the author tries to think about the following questions: Are there still knowledge gaps in rural areas when the mass media is so developed today? In addition to the socio-economic status variables based on education level,will motivational factors also affect knowledge gaps? Are there multiple potential influencing factors behind these motivational factors? Can we narrow or even eliminate knowledge gaps by adjusting motivation? If so,what should be done? Is there a "reverse gap" phenomenon? After thinking,this article focuses on the two motivational factors of self-efficacy and risk perception.Taking the "COVID-19 knowledge gap" in Yong'an Town as an example,a large number of investigations and empirical studies have been conducted.First of all,the author collects data using questionnaire surveys,cites mature scales for questionnaire design,uses SPSS software to analyze and research on the basis of achieving strong reliability and validity,and combines in-depth interviews to qualitatively determine the potential influencing factors of self-efficacy the study.The main analysis process is divided into three parts: the first is correlation analysis,which verifies the existence of knowledge gap in Yong'an Town,and self-efficacy and risk perception motivation factors have an impact on knowledge gap;the second is the author's influence on the potential influencing factors of self-efficacy The interview survey explained the influence of success or failure experience,alternative learning,social persuasion,physiological and emotional states on self-efficacy;the third is the analysis of the moderating effect of self-efficacy and risk perception,using SPSS software to conduct regression analysis and visualize the results as Picture to illustrate.The study found that the "COVID-19 knowledge gap" in Yong'an Town area exists,and self-efficacy and risk perception have a moderating effect on COVID-19 knowledge gap.However,the degree of self-efficacy and risk perception's moderating effect on knowledge gaps is different in different educational backgrounds,and there are also differences in performance at different levels of self-efficacy and risk perception.Under certain conditions of self-efficacy and risk perception,Can also form a "reverse gap" phenomenon.On the basis of analysis,combined with the relevant theories of communication science,the author conducted an in-depth discussion from three aspects: the reasons for the formation of knowledge gaps,the bridging effect of individual motivation factors on knowledge gaps,and the "anti-difference effect" of individual motivation factors on knowledge gaps.It is concluded that the formation of the knowledge gap is affected by the difference in social structure,subjective information needs and objective information needs.There is a phenomenon of bridging the knowledge gap between the medium-to-high self-efficacy group and the higher-risk perception group,and both self-efficacy and risk perception can be achieved.It contributes to the phenomenon of reverse gap,and this effect is related to the socio-economic level of residents.The effect of risk perception on the reverse gap of knowledge gap is more obvious than self-efficacy.