Research And Application Of Data Provenance Method Blockchain-based

With the rapid development of information technology,the speed of data generation and circulation is increasing rapidly.In order to ensure the credibility of data,the use of data provenance technology to record and save the flow of data has become more and more important.However,most of the traditional data provenance systems are centralized,and the data provenance information stored in the centralized storage has problems such as malicious tampering or accidental loss.As a decentralized distributed ledger,blockchain can provide a safe and reliable storage environment for data provenance information and ensure the credibility and integrity of data provenance information.However,the introduction of blockchain has brought new problems and challenges to the data provenance system.Aiming at the problems in the blockchain data provenance system,this thesis has done the following research work:First,to solve the problem of what needs to be recorded in the data provenance information and in what form,this thesis combines the ProVOC data provenance information description model defined in the national standard and proposes a blockchain-based data provenance information storage model.The storage model converts a piece of data provenance information into serialized data and structured data through the ProVOC model: serialized data is uploaded to the blockchain,and the blockchain's non-tamperable characteristics are used to support the integrity and availability of data provenance information;structured data is stored in relational databases,and the query advantages of relational databases are used to support the provenance system's demand for complex queries.Then,it is necessary to maintain complete block header information when verifying the credibility and integrity of the provenance information for the light nodes in the blockchain data provenance system.As the block height in the blockchain network grows,light nodes face more and more for the problem of large storage pressure,this thesis proposes a blockchain-based trusted data provenance information query and verification scheme.By introducing a data structure that optimizes the dynamic append performance of the Merkle tree-Merkle Mountain Range(MMR),all block headers on the blockchain are stored in the MMR,and the MMR proof can be used to verify the provenance information required the number of block headers is reduced from the previous N block headers to log(N)block headers,thereby solving the storage problem faced by the light node in the process of verifying provenance information.Finally,this thesis introduces the main points of the research and development of a data provenance system based on blockchain.The system includes the functions of uploading,querying,and verifying data provenance information.The above-mentioned blockchain-based data provenance information storage model and the blockchain-based trusted data provenance information query and verification scheme are integrated in the system to verify the feasibility of the above-mentioned research.