Research On Trading And Consensus Schemes Of Mobile User Residual Traffic Based On Consortium Blockchain

The popularization of the fifth-generation(5G)communication technology is accompanied by the rapid growth of the data traffic demanding from mobile terminal users.However,the 5G data plan mode has led to a large amount of redundant data unused by the users in certain time frames,which promotes the study of mobile data transfer technology into a research hotspot.Currently,the Wi-Fi Tethering technology based on IEEE 802.11 protocol allows smartphones to be mobile access points for sharing cellular network data traffic quota with other users and becomes one of effective methods to improve the value of data traffic.Because the redundancy or shortage of data traffic quota for mobile terminal users appears to be randomly distributed in time and space,the participants have to negotiate without knowing each other.The consortium blockchain has aroused extensive attention in decentralized credible digital transactions due to its characteristics of decentralization,autonomy,immutability and traceability.Around the above content,the research on redundant traffic transactions of mobile terminal users based on consortium blockchain is carried out in this paper with the following contributions.First of all,the redundant data traffic quota trading mechanism based on consortium blockchain is proposed for mobile terminal users.Based on the redundant data traffic trading process,a three-stage Stackelberg game model is established,in which the cellular data traffic quota trading game is implemented among data traffic receiver,data traffic provider and small-cell base station,where the data traffic receiver serves as the leader,and the data traffic quota provider and small-cell base station serve as the followers.Data traffic pricing,data traffic quota supply and quality of service are optimized through non-cooperative games among all trading participants.Based on the optimal trading strategy obtained from the game,the ratio of benefit and cost of data traffic quota trading is improved.Secondly,the reputation-based sharding PBFT(Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance)consensus algorithm is proposed in this paper considering the consortium blockchain network of base stations and mobile terminal users.As the authoritative node,the base stations are responsible for the verification and recording the trading information.The base station group is sharded based on the geographical location,and the PBFT consensus algorithm is used to realize consensus within and between shards.Mobile terminal devices can be integrated into the consortium blockchain as light nodes.Through sharding,the communication cost of the consensus process is reduced and the consensus rate is increased.In addition,reputation value and heartbeat interval are employed for the judgment of the base station node activity based on the ? failure detection algorithm.Meanwhile,the deletion of inactive base station nodes is beneficial to mitigate the interference of invalid nodes on making consensus and improves the consensus efficiency.At last,the performance of redundant traffic quota trading mechanism and the consensus mechanism of the consortium blockchain are simulated and verified based on the truthful data acquired from the public data set.The simulation results show that compared with those who are not involved in the traffic transaction game,the efficiency and cost ratio of traffic receivers have been increased by 16.9% to 72.7% depending on the number of followers involved in the game.When the base station cluster is divided into four shards,the proposed reputation-based sharding PBFT algorithm reduces the total route distance of the whole network by 89.1%,respectively,compared with the traditional PBFT algorithm.