Design And Implementation Of Key Extension Of Low Cost Phased Array Antenna

Phased array antenna has high cost and complex manufacturing,which limits the development of phased array radar to a certain extent.In view of the application requirements of low-cost phased array antenna in military and civil fields,this paper breaks through some technical problems in the design of Radant lens and phased array antenna based on metamaterials.Through the principle design,electromagnetic simulation and experimental test of low-cost phased array antenna,the technology of reducing the cost,increasing the beam scanning width and reducing the size of phased array radar seeker antenna is realized Technical specifications,to achieve the low-cost phased array radar antenna wide-angle electrical scanning and demonstration verification capabilities.First of all,based on the microstrip antenna,the design of wide angle scanning phased array antenna with zero refraction material,EBG(Electromagnetic Band Gap)structure and disturbance wave structure is introduced.Based on the principle of zero refraction metamaterial,a mushroom type zero order resonant structure is loaded symmetrically around the patch antenna.The TM₀₁mode excited by the circular patch and the zero order resonant mode excited by the mushroom patch are superposed to reduce the size of the antenna and broaden the radiation pattern of the antenna.In order to further expand the beam coverage,the interference technology is introduced,and the structure of the interference device is loaded on the top of the microstrip antenna.The bandwidth of the designed microstrip antenna is 160MHz,and the beam width of H-plane and E-plane are 122°and 105°respectively,which meet the requirements of wide beam.After introducing the interference structure,the beam width of H-plane and E-plane is 127°and 110°respectively,and the beam width is further broadened.The gain of the array is 25.21d B,and the ratio of the main lobe to the auxiliary lobe is 13.4d B.The phased array can achieve good scanning characteristics.The results show that the beam width of H-plane and E-plane are106°and 101°respectively.Compared with the simulation results,the test results show that the beam width is narrower and the test image is not smooth enough,so the simulation results are more ideal.Then,a six bit radar lens is designed to reduce the cost of phased array antenna.First,the basic phase-shifting unit is designed,then the phase-shifting unit is composed of a phase shifter block,and then the phase shifter block is combined to form a Radant lens phase shifter.Finally,six Radant lens phase shifters are arranged in sequence along the electric field direction to form a six Radant lens phase shifter.In the elevation direction of the antenna,the Radant lens is scanned to generate multiple phase gradient differences.After the completion of the simulation,the processing test of the sample is carried out.Finally,Radant lens is used to separate the pitch direction and azimuth direction of the two-dimensional scanning phased array antenna,so that the number of phase-shifting units of the two-dimensional scanning phased array radar is reduced from M*N to M+N,and the cost of the hardware connection part of the phase-shifting unit is also saved,which is conducive to the substantial reduction of the production cost.Then,the design of the beam controller is carried out by the look-up table method,and the research on the look-up table method is carried out,and the calculation method of the wave control code is given.A radar lens phase shifter is controlled by a wave controller,and the on-off of 15 parallel diode circuits in a radar lens is controlled by a single chip microcomputer.The function of controlling radar lens phase shifting is realized.Finally,the structure of the phased array is designed,a one divided to six Wilkinson power splitter is designed.At the center frequency of 11.3GHz,the insertion loss of the power divider port is basically the same,the return loss is less than-24.52d B,and the ports match well.The port has a good isolation at the center frequency point of 11.3GHz.Then the phased array is calibrated by the rotation vector method.The results show that the normalized pattern after calibration is consistent with the simulated pattern.