Research On Leaky Waveguide Array Antenna For 5G Mobile Communication

With the rapid development of wireless communication technology,people's lives are more modernized,and ubiquitous information makes people have higher and higher requirements for communication quality,especially in specific spaces such as subways,underground passages,and underground mines.At present,leaky coaxial cables are used for signal coverage in confined spaces.However,in the upcoming 5G era,leaky coaxial cables are no longer able to meet the high-frequency requirements,so waveguide leaky array antennas(hereinafter referred to as leaky wave array antennas)With its advantages of low attenuation and suitable for high-frequency transmission,it has attracted widespread attention in the industry,especially in areas such as subways and high-speed rails.The leaky wave array antenna consists of two parts,namely: a rectangular waveguide that serves as electromagnetic wave transmission,followed by a slot antenna that serves as electromagnetic signal coverage.Electromagnetic waves are transmitted in the slotted waveguide and coupled to the outside space through the opened slots.Compared with traditional antennas,leaky wave array antennas have more directivity in signal radiation in a narrow and curved environment like tunnels.Stronger,higher signal coverage efficiency and more stable signal.As an advanced product of leaky coaxial cables,leaky wave array antennas covered by 5G high-frequency signals have become the focus of research in the current stage.The research goal of this paper is to explore the design of a 5G leaky wave array antenna suitable for efficient signal coverage in confined spaces.The main work content and research results of this paper are as follows:1.Introduce the propagation theory of the rectangular waveguide and the principle of the slot array antenna,explain the design method of the slot antenna,the performance parameters of the antenna,and analyze the radiation characteristics of the rectangular leaky wave array antenna.2.On the basis of theoretical research,design the rectangular leaky wave array antenna that meets the current 5G signal frequency bands of the three major operators.According to China's 5G commercial frequency(promulgated in June 2019)and China National Standard for Rectangular Waveguide GB11450.2-1989 "Hollow Metal Waveguide Part 2: Specifications for Ordinary Rectangular Waveguides",the rectangular waveguide model BJ32 is selected for slitting and slitting.The distance is slightly less than one-half of the working wavelength to form a non-resonant slot array antenna.The HFSS three-dimensional electromagnetic software is used for modeling and simulation.The modeling steps and key points are explained in detail,and the gain pattern of the antenna is obtained,and the relevant results are carried out.analysis.3.Simulate the dipole antenna as the receiving antenna,test the electromagnetic radiation of the rectangular leaky wave array antenna,calculate the antenna gain according to the Friis transmission equation,and use the simulation experiment results to apply to the subway environment model under ideal conditions.no.The slot antenna array is optimized according to the gain pattern,and the influence of slot size,slot spacing and slot waveguide length on the radiation of the antenna is considered.