X-band Microstrip Planar Array Antenna Technology Research

Because of small size,low cost and light weight,microstrip planner array antennas have been widely used in missile guidance,ship navigation and wireless satellite communication.Xband is also a common frequency band for military fire control radars,broadcast satellite communications,ship navigation and weather radars.Taking ship navigation as an example,with the continuous development of fishing and navigation,the demand for small fishing boats in China is increasing year by year,and the antenna is also showing a trend of miniaturization and low cost.Therefore,this paper mainly studies and designs X-band microstrip planar array antenna.The main research contents of this paper include the following parts:(1)Based on the theory of antenna polarization and array synthesis,2×n microstrip array antennas with Rogers 4350 b and FR4 substrates were designed.The effects of the two dielectric substrates on the antenna performance were compared and analyzed.Under the same design method,the directional results of the two antennas are as follows: the horizontal beam width is less than 5°,the side lobe voltage and cross-polarization levels are less than-20 d B.After the metal reflector is loaded,the vertical beam widths of the above two antennas are about 25°,and all the parameters meet the design targets of Marine navigation radar antennas.(2)In order to reduce the antenna weight,a 4×n planar microstrip array antenna with FR4 substrate was designed,which based on 2×n array antenna with FR4 substrate.The measured effective band width is about 150 MHz.The horizontal and vertical side lobe levels are-28 d B and-15.5 d B.The horizontal and vertical beam widths are 4.9° and 23.8°,and cross-polarization levels is-20 d B,which basically meet the antenna design criteria.(3)The antenna fabrication process and antenna testing methods are briefly introduced,and the causes of errors in antenna measurement results are analyzed and explained in detail.