Thermal Analysis And Heat Dissipation System Research Of High-power Gyrotron

The gyrotron has been developed rapidly since its birth.It can radiate electromagnetic waves in the millimeter wave band and the terahertz wave band.It has been widely used in military,aviation,plasma-heating and other aspects.At present,in practical engineering applications,the output power of the gyrotron can usually reach the megawatt level,which urgently requires us to strengthen the research on the heat dissipation of the gyrotron.Thermal conductivity is one of the important factors affecting the normal operation of gyrotron,which has a direct impact on the output of gyrotron.When the thermal conductivity is good,the performance of gyrotron will be greatly improved.Electron guns and collectors are devices that output and collect electrons from the gyrotron,and their thermal analysis is particularly important.For the electron gun,on the one hand,the filament power must make the temperature of the cathode emission band reach the working temperature,and at the same time,the temperature of the emission band must be as uniform as possible.On the other hand,the filament power must be reduced as much as possible to improve the heating efficiency of the filament;In other words,the interacted electrons still have considerable energy after being collected by the collector.If the collector is not dissipated in time,it will cause thermal deformation of the inner wall and affect the working performance of the gyrotron.Based on the team's existing gyrotron project,a new thermal structure of the gyrotron electron optical system was designed,which mainly includes the cathode structure of the magnetron injection electron gun based on the "Z"-shaped slotting method and the collection based on the idea of microchannels.pole.The main content of this article is as follows:1.A brief introduction to the development of the gyrotronBrief background of the birth of the gyrotron and its development path,illustrates the importance of thermal conductivity for gyrotron,and describes the current status quo at home and abroad for maneuver pipe cooling research.2.Introduction to the theory of gyrotron and heat transfer theoryThe working principle of the gyrotron is briefly analyzed;at the same time,the electron optical system theory and the electron gyro maser are introduced in detail;Describes several common thermal conduction heat transfer,in addition,the associated experimental convection heat transfer coefficient was derived to calculate the water and oxygen-free convection heat transfer coefficient.3.Thermal analysis of collectorThe original temperature of the collector was analyzed by CST co-simulation,and the collector was transformed based on the idea of micro-channels.Furthermore,the height of the fins is optimized by deriving the heat flow equation of the fins;finally,a heat dissipation structure with micro-channels and fins is designed.4.Thermal analysis of electron gunThe filament power of the magnetron injection electron gun was optimized using ANSYS software.On this basis,a power close to the emission of the cathode emission band was selected,and the radius of the filament and the distance between the filament and the emission band of the cathode were optimized.Finally,the cathode was supported.The tube reduces the heat transfer from the filament to the tail of the cathode by opening the "Z" sub-shaped groove.