Application Of Parasitic Pixel Layer-Based Antenna In 5G Communication

Since the launch of the fifth-generation communication system in 2012,the design of high-performance mobile phone and base station antennas for 5G communication has been an urgent problem to be solved,and the parasitic pixel layer-based antenna has been active in the field of antennas in recent years due to its rich reconfigurability,such as reconfigurable antennas,broadband antennas,and wide-angle scanning phased arrays.However,since the parasitic pixel layer-based antenna was proposed,in the research and design of this type of antenna,researchers have mostly focused on using optimization algorithms such as genetic algorithm and particle swarm algorithm to conduct antenna parameters,especially the connection method of the pixel layer.Optimization to achieve the desired goal,but the auxiliary design method of this type of optimized antenna has two main deficiencies.One is the lack of understanding of the physical mechanism and electromagnetic characteristics of the antenna itself,it is difficult to analyze the working principle of the antenna,and the design process is complicated and unclear.The second is that it relies too much on the accuracy and superiority of the algorithm itself,and the time for antenna design and optimization depends entirely on the algorithm.The theory of characteristic modes can completely describe the physical characteristics of an object,and it can effectively reflect its radiation,scattering and other characteristics when the antenna is not excited.Therefore,thesis paper uses the theory of Characteristic modes to assist in the analysis and design of the parasitic pixel layer antenna.The main work is as follows:(1)Analyze the characteristic modes of the proposed parasitic pixel layer antenna,analyze the salient characteristic modes,explain the reasons for the formation of each mode,and analyze in detail the characteristic modes with wide beam coverage and wide beam characteristic far field It also summarizes how to design a pixel layer patch connection method with a characteristic pattern of wide beam coverage from the characteristic current distribution.Based on this,the deformation structure is designed;through the excitation of the characteristic pattern of wide beam coverage,it is realized a horizontally polarized parasitic pixel layer antenna with a wide beam pattern on the E plane is presented.Furthermore,by changing the feeding position,introducing a differential feeding method and a feeding structure,a 45-degree linear polarization system with wide beam coverage on the main polarization plane,xoz plane,and yoz plane at the same time and symmetrical far-field pattern are realized parasitic pixel layer antenna.Finally,a horizontally polarized wide-beam parasitic pixel layer antenna was used to form a 1×4 antenna array on the E plane,and the scanning range of-84°?80° on the E plane was realized,and the array was processed,tested,and verified;(2)On the basis of Chapter 3,the reasons for the narrow bandwidth are analyzed,and two modes are simultaneously excited to form multiple resonance points to expand the bandwidth.The pixel layer patch connection method is changed and the characteristic mode analysis is carried out.The modes that may form multiple resonance points are explained,and the key parameters are analyzed and explained.Finally,a dual-polarization broadband parasitic pixel layer antenna with dual resonance points is optimized and designed,with a relative bandwidth of 20.7%.It can cover the N79 frequency band of the5 G working frequency band,and the far-field pattern of the whole frequency band has good consistency.